TABLE 1.
Basic characteristics of study participants
| Belfast, U.K. | Manchester, U.K. | Brisbane, Australia | Newcastle, Australia | Bangkok, Thailand | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnant women (n)* | 1,284 | 1,085 | 959 | 483 | 1,706 |
| Gestational age at which OGTT was performed (weeks) | 29.0 ± 1.2 | 28.4 ± 1.0 | 28.1 ± 1.2 | 28.1 ± 1.5 | 28.1 ± 1.7 |
| Age at OGTT (years) | 29.8 ± 5.5 | 30.8 ± 5.6 | 29.2 ± 5.3 | 29.5 ± 5.5 | 27.9 ± 5.5 |
| BMI at OGTT (kg/m2) | 28.4 ± 4.9 | 29.0 ± 5.5 | 29.0 ± 5.7 | 29.7 ± 6.0 | 25.6 ± 3.6 |
| Mean arterial pressure at OGTT (mmHg) | 83.6 ± 7.9 | 83.5 ± 8.0 | 83.8 ± 7.7 | 82.9 ± 8.1 | 80.1 ± 7.8 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 4.63 ± 0.37 | 4.61 ± 0.40 | 4.43 ± 0.35 | 4.54 ± 0.41 | 4.44 ± 0.37 |
| 1-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 7.50 ± 1.70 | 7.46 ± 1.80 | 7.40 ± 1.51 | 7.33 ± 1.66 | 8.27 ± 1.75 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.08 ± 1.23 | 5.99 ± 1.35 | 6.25 ± 1.20 | 6.21 ± 1.33 | 6.66 ± 1.40 |
| Offspring birth weight in g† | 3,526 ± 489 | 3,511 ± 498 | 3,552 ± 466 | 3,585 ± 466 | 3,142 ± 399 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks)† | 40.1 ± 1.1 | 40.0 ± 1.3 | 40.0 ± 1.2 | 40.1 ± 1.2 | 39.4 ± 1.2 |
| Male offspring (%)† | 50.6 | 52.1 | 51.1 | 51.2 | 48.7 |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy (%)† | 23.7 | 19.2 | 13.2 | 15.5 | 0.6 |
| Primiparous births (%)† | 50.2 | 47.8 | 55.8 | 46.1 | 53.3 |
Data are means ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
*Number of women with fasting glucose, GCK rs1779984 genotype, age, BMI, and mean arterial pressure available. The numbers with TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype were very similar.
†Excluding births before 37 completed weeks of gestation and pregnancies in which caregivers were not blinded to maternal glucose levels. FPG, fasting plasma glucose.