Table 5.
Number needed to harm for selected clinical outcomes
| Akathisia (NNH 95% CI) | Tremor (NNH 95% CI) | Tardive dyskinesia (NNH 95% CI) | Use of anticholinergics (NNH 95% CI) | AIMS positive score (NNH 95% CI) | Weight gain (NNH 95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paliperidone palmitate | ||||||
| Long-term, Hough et al16 (six months) | 205 (37, −71) | 207 (33, −54) | ∞ | 42 (13, −35) | −28 (26, −9) | 19 (11, 50) |
| Long-term, Hough et al16 (12 months) | 205 (37, −71) | 69 (23, −93) | ∞ | 30 (11, −49) | −33 (27, −10) | 16 (9, 40) |
| Acute, Pandina et al17 (13 weeks) | −102 (45, −18) | −83 (118, −20) | ∞ | −90 (23, −13) | 53 (13, −19) | 10,004 (59, −31) |
| Haloperidol decanoate | ||||||
| Eklund and Forsman18 (48 weeks) | NA | NA | 1 | NA | NA | NA |
| Bromperidol decanoate | ||||||
| Smeraldi et al22 (6 months) | 10 (2, −4) | −5 (6, −2) | NA | NA | NA | 10 (2, −5) |
| Fluphenazine decanoate | ||||||
| Hirsch et al19 (nine months) | NA | NA | NA | 5 (3, 96) | NA | NA |
| Jolley et al20 (two years) | NA | NA | 7 (−10, 3) | NA | NA | NA |
| Odejide and Aderounmu21 (12 months) | NA | NA | NA | −5 (20, −2) | 13 (4, −12) | NA |
| Dotti et al12 (48 weeks) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Notes: NNH calculated relative to placebo within each study. 95% confidence intervals computed based upon Wilson scores; ∞ = confidence interval includes infinity (due to zero incidence in denominator); Negative numbers for NNH indicate that placebo was more likely to harm. Negative bound for upper 95% confidence interval indicates a disjoint encompassing both the positive value extending to positive infinity, and the negative value extending to negative infinity.
Abbreviations: NA, not available (not reported in primary manuscript); AIMS, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale; NNH, number needed to harm; CI, confidence interval.