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. 2011 May;72(3):418–428. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.418

Table 1.

Correlations between all variables for IYDS students in Victoria (above the diagonal) and Washington State (below the diagonal)

Measure Alcohol use in Grade 9 Alcohol harms in Grade 9 Adult-supervised alcohol use in Grade 8 Positive family management in Grade 7 Favorable parental attitudes toward alcohol in Grade 7 Substance use problems in family in Grade 7 Lifetime alcohol use by Grade 7
Alcohol use in Grade 9 1.00 .68 .36 −.27 .26 .24 .51
Alcohol harms in Grade 9 .79 1.00 .29 −.30 .28 .30 .43
Adult-supervised alcohol use in Grade 8 .29 .22 1.00 −.14 .23 .08N.S. .34
Positive family management in Grade 7 −.32 −.34 −.09 1.00 −.39 −.15 −.36
Favorable parental attitudes toward alcohol in Grade 7 .25 .18 .13 −.28 1.00 .09N.S. .38
Substance use problems in family in Grade 7 .32 .38 .10 −.21 .19 1.00 .20
Lifetime alcohol use by Grade 7 .53 .53 .23 −.35 .31 .37 1.00

Notes: All coefficients are standardized. All correlations are significant unless otherwise noted. IYDS = International Youth Development Study. N.S. = nonsignificant (p ≥ .05)