. 2011 Jan 26;8(2):321–340. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8020321

Table 5.

Odds of tobacco marketing awareness change in Australia between consecutive survey waves and across all waves. GEE multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, minority group, and the heaviness of smoking index. Statistically significant differences in odds ratios between Australia and the UK are indicated with asterisks.

	Consecutive Waves												All Waves (per wave units)
	2002–2003		2003–2004		2004–2005		2005–2006		2006–2007		2007–2008		2002–2008
	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p
Advertisements¹	0.71^**	<.001	0.87	.010	0.73^*	<.001	0.83^*	.001	0.69	<.001	0.24²	<.001	0.72^**	<.001
Store¹	0.72	<.001	0.94	.261	0.72	<.001	0.82	.002	0.73	<.001	-	-	0.79^**	<.001
Billboards	0.67^**	<.001	0.92	.312	0.77	.005	0.94	.574	0.70	.001	0.79	.075	0.80^**	<.001
Newspapers/magazines	0.86^**	.041	0.64	<.001	0.91^**	.331	1.07^*	.514	0.62	<.001	1.29	.053	0.84^**	<.001
Sponsorship	0.76	<.001	0.88	.034	0.77^**	<.001	0.73	<.001	0.78	.001	0.82²	.020	0.79^**	<.001
Sports	0.89^**	.033	0.93	.199	0.77^**	<.001	0.73	<.001	0.77	.001	0.86	.080	0.82^**	<.001
Arts¹	0.47	<.001	0.80	.170	0.66	.035	1.05	.835	0.60	.052	-	-	0.70^**	<.001
Competitions	0.59	<.001	0.53^*	<.001	0.86^*	.498	0.92	.709	0.92	.704	0.88	.654	0.72	<.001
Price Promotions	0.82^**	<.001	0.85^*	.003	0.94^*	.324	0.82	.002	0.89	.078	0.71² ^**	<.001	0.85^**	<.001
Special price offers	0.85^**	.001	0.90^*	.070	0.94^*	.282	0.80	.001	0.93	.298	0.71^**	<.001	0.87^**	<.001
Free samples¹	0.59	<.001	0.62	.004	0.80	.294	1.22	.339	1.03	.887	-	-	0.78^**	<.001
Gifts	0.85^**	.063	0.75^*	.004	0.91	.361	0.86	.229	0.87	.332	0.79	.159	0.84^**	<.001
Electronic Promotions	1.16	.265	1.31	.049	0.81	.137	0.73	.061	1.05	.795	0.48	.005	0.92	.004
Email messages	1.60	.007	0.98	.906	0.91	.599	0.60	.022	0.79	.399	0.52	.165	0.87	<.001
Internet sites	0.80	.223	1.74	.002	0.83	.285	0.77	.201	1.14	.532	0.54	.021	0.97	.366
Other Promotions	0.67^**	<.001	0.86	.020	0.80	.001	0.79	.004	0.84	.045	0.63²	<.001	0.78^**	<.001
Direct mailings¹	0.62	.106	1.10^*	.751	0.61	.244	1.08	.883	0.48	.231	-	-	0.79^**	<.001
Signs/posters	0.64	<.001	0.83	.008	0.76	<.001	0.83	.048	0.79^*	.023	0.55^*	<.001	0.76^*	<.001
Branded items	0.77	.001	0.85	.087	0.95	.658	0.73	.009	0.95	.670	0.87	.338	0.85	<.001
Leaflets¹	0.45	<.001	0.87	.654	1.36	.294	1.00	.997	1.02	.950	-	-	0.88^**	.025
Overall awareness
Salience	0.63^*	<.001	0.69	<.001	0.98	.864	1.07	.550	1.11	.362	0.60	<.001	0.85^**	<.001
Sum of channels³	–0.44^**	<.001	–0.18^**	<.001	–0.25^**	<.001	–0.20	<.001	–0.21^*	<.001	–0.44² ^*	<.001	–0.27^**	<.001

Odds of awareness change across all waves are on the same scale as odds of awareness change between consecutive waves (i.e., in wave units).

Last measured in 2007;

Based on fewer channels than in previous years;

Reporting means and regression coefficients rather than percentages and odds ratios.

p < 0.01;

^**

p < 0.001 for between-country comparisons.