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. 2011 Apr 29;6(4):e18952. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018952

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Wikman et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Panel (a) shows the mean quality of life scores (95% CI) for respondents with one, two, three and four or more conditions compared with those without a chronic condition, adjusted for age, gender and wealth. Higher scores indicate better QOL. Panel (b) shows the mean happiness ratings (95% CI) for respondents with no condition compared with one, two, three and four or more co-morbid chronic conditions, adjusted for age, gender and wealth. Higher scores indicate greater happiness. Panel (c) show the percentage of depressed mood, adjusted for age, gender and wealth, for respondents with one, two, three and four or more co-morbid conditions compared with those respondents with no chronic condition.