TABLE 1.

Baseline characteristics of incident hypertension cases and controls

Baseline characteristic	White			Black
	Controls (N=400)	Cases (N=400)	Pa	Controls (N=400)	Cases (N=400)	Pa
Age (years), μb	60.8	60.8	0.18	58.1	58.2	0.42
Body mass index (kg/m2), μ	25.2	26.8	< 0.0001	28.2	30.1	< 0.0001
Waist circumference (cm), μ	79.0	83.6	< 0.0001	84.6	88.8	< 0.0001
Physical activity (MET-hr/wk), μ	16.9	15.0	0.09	12.9	10.8	0.049
Smoking, %			0.96			0.48
Never	50.9	49.1		51.4	46.5
Past	43.0	45.1		38.2	40.2
Current	6.1	5.8		10.4	13.3
Alcohol use, %			0.24			0.35
Never	8.3	8.8		17.3	13.9
Past	15.0	16.8		26.0	30.1
<1 drinks/week	28.3	34.8		30.8	36.5
1-<7 drinks/week	35.6	27.0		20.4	14.7
≥7 drinks/week	12.8	12.8		5.6	4.8
Hormone therapy use, %			0.30			0.15
Never	34.0	29.0		55.3	48.9
Past	12.3	10.5		10.3	11.8
Current	53.8	60.5		34.5	39.4
History of diabetes, %	1.0	2.5	0.11	4.0	9.8	0.002
Cholesterol-lowering medication use, %	8.5	11.1	0.24	9.1	9.2	0.90
Blood pressure (mmHg), μ
Systolic at baseline	113.3	120.9	< 0.0001	115.3	121.1	< 0.0001
Diastolic at baseline	70.2	74.1	< 0.0001	71.9	74.7	< 0.0001
Systolic at year 3	113.8	130.1	< 0.0001	116.9	131.8	< 0.0001
Diastolic at year 3	69.2	76.5	< 0.0001	72.6	78.1	< 0.0001
Plasma biomarkers, μ
hsCRP (mg/L)c	1.40	2.08	< 0.0001	1.89	2.43	0.002
IL-6 (pg/mL)c	1.29	1.50	0.006	1.71	1.99	0.007
IL-1β (pg/mL)c	0.24	0.25	0.37	0.25	0.27	0.36
TNF-r2 (pg/mL)	2710	2726	0.76	2405	2585	0.0009
sICAM-1 (pg/mL)	294.4	301.6	0.15	250.9	268.0	0.02

^aP values are derived from paired t-test for continuous variables and McNemar’s test for categorical variables.

^bMatching variable

^cGeometric means are shown.