Table 1.

Characteristics of 325 participants in the DCCT/EDIC Study at the time incident persistent microalbuminuria was diagnosed

Demographic data and medical history
Age (years)	33 (10)
Female gender	132 (41%)
Caucasian race	304 (94%)
Duration of diabetes (years)	14 (6)
DCCT cohort
Primary prevention	140 (43%)
Secondary prevention	185 (57%)
DCCT treatment assignment
Intensive therapy	115 (35%)
Conventional therapy	210 (65%)
Time of diagnosis of persistent microalbuminuria
During DCCT	170 (52%)
During EDIC Study	155 (48%)
Retinopathy	231 (87%)
Active smoking	99 (32%)
RAAS inhibitor use	24 (7%)
Lipid-lowering medication use	16 (5%)
Physical examination
Body mass index (kg/m2)	26.0 (4.1)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	122 (14)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78 (9)
Laboratory data
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	9.4 (1.8)
Albumin excretion rate (mg/24hr)	48 (37, 76)
Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	114 (30)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	190 (38)
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	51 (13)
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	108 (89)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	119 (32)

Data are mean (standard deviation) or n (%), except for albumin excretion ratio (median, inter-quartile range). DCCT = Diabetes Control and Complications Trial; EDIC = Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; GFR = glomerular filtration rate.