Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of 24 study subjects who completed entire study
| Clinical parameters | Overall cohort | Placebo-hesperidin | Hesperidin-placebo |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 24 | 12 | 12 |
| Age (yr) | 52 ± 2 | 50 ± 3 | 53 ± 1 |
| Gender (M/F) | 15/9 | 6/6 | 9/3 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 112 ± 3 | 114 ± 4 | 110 ± 4 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 34.7 ± 1.5 | 35.4 ± 2.0 | 33.9 ± 2.2 |
| Vascular parameters | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 138 ± 3 | 136 ± 4 | 139 ± 5 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 89 ± 2 | 90 ± 3 | 88 ± 3 |
| FMD (%) | 8.24 ± 0.88 | 8.61 ± 1.15 | 7.87 ± 1.40 |
| Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (%) | 13.98 ± 1.32 | 15.75 ± 1.93 | 12.21 ± 1.73 |
| Metabolic parameters | |||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 132 ± 12 | 116 ± 10 | 148 ± 21 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μU/ml) | 21.3 ± 2.1 | 23.2 ± 2.8 | 19.3 ± 2.9 |
| QUICKI | 0.298 ± 0.005 | 0.296 ± 0.005 | 0.299 ± 0.008 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.6 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.3 |
| Lipids (mg/dl) | |||
| Total cholesterol | 179 ± 8 | 194 ± 12 | 165 ± 11 |
| LDL | 119 ± 8 | 131 ± 10 | 107 ± 11 |
| ApoB | 90 ± 4 | 92 ± 6 | 89 ± 7 |
| Lipoprotein [a] | 9.4 (2.5–21.7) | 9.0 (3.7–19.9) | 11.6 (6.8–32.2) |
| HDL | 37 ± 2 | 42 ± 2 | 33 ± 3 |
| Apolipoprotein A-I | 134 ± 5 | 148 ± 5 | 121 ± 7 |
| Triglycerides | 158 ± 11 | 160 ± 17 | 157 ± 14 |
Results are shown for overall group and subgroups who were randomized to either placebo or hesperidin treatment arm first. Values represent mean ± sem or median (25th-75th percentile). M, Males; F, females.