Table 1.
Comparison of obese and lean groups
| Obese, n = 57a | Lean, n = 38a | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 14.5 ± 1.3 | 14.7 ± 1.3 | 0.45 |
| Gender [n (%) male] | 22 (38.6) | 20 (52.6) | 0.21 |
| Race [n (%) African-American] | 44 (77.2) | 31 (81.6) | 0.34 |
| Tanner stage [n (%)] | 0.035 | ||
| 2 | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 3 | 2 (3.5) | 3 (7.9) | |
| 4 | 14 (24.6) | 18 (47.4) | |
| 5 | 40 (70.2) | 17 (44.7) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.3 ± 5.5 | 19.9 ± 1.9 | <0.0005 |
| BMI z-score | 2.23 ± 0.34 | −0.01 ± 0.67 | <0.0005 |
| LDL-C (mmol/liter) | 2.45 ± 0.77 | 2.10 ± 0.52 | 0.018 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/liter) | 0.85 ± 0.41 | 0.67 ± 0.26 | 0.057 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/liter) | 3.97 ± 0.83 | 3.82 ± 0.65 | 0.35 |
| Small LDL-P (nmol/liter) | 525.6 ± 266.9 | 247.1 ± 168.2 | <0.0005 |
| Large VLDL-P and chylomicrons (nmol/liter) | 1.3 ± 2.1 | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 0.061 |
| LDL-P size (nm) | 21.19 ± 0.68 | 21.82 ± 0.72 | <0.0005 |
| HDL-P size (nm) | 9.02 ± 0.42 | 9.56 ± 0.34 | <0.0005 |
| HDL-C (mmol/literc) | 1.13 ± 0.25 | 1.42 ± 0.30 | <0.0005 |
| Small HDL-P (μmol/liter) | 16.7 ± 4.1 | 14.6 ± 3.4 | 0.009 |
| HOMA-IRd | 4.48 ± 2.85 | 1.73 ± 0.93 | <0.0005 |
| Adiponectin (ng/ml) | 4149.8 ± 1695.2 | 6562.3 ± 2356.5 | <0.0005 |
a
The value of n may vary across variables due to missing values.
b
Analysis by Fisher's exact test for gender, race, and tanner stage; analysis for continuous variables by t test except for triglycerides and large VLDL-P (used Mann-Whitney test because not normally distributed).
c
To convert from mg/dl of cholesterol to mmol/liter of cholesterol, multiply by 0.02586. To convert from mg/dl of triglycerides to mmol/liter of triglycerides, multiply by 0.01129.
d
Homeostasis Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance Index; HOMA-IR = [fasting insulin (uIU/mL) x fasting glycemia (mmol/liter)] / 22.5.