Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of vitamin D-deficient and -nondeficient subjects by race
| 25(OH)D (ng/ml) | All subjects |
Whites |
Blacks |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <20 | ≥20 | P | <20 | ≥20 | P | <20 | ≥20 | P | |
| n | 132 | 105 | 50 | 75 | 82 | 30 | |||
| Sex (males/females) | 46/86 | 55/50 | 0.007 | 17/33 | 40/35 | 0.033 | 29/53 | 15/15 | NS |
| Age (yr) | 12.9 ± 0.2 | 12.5 ± 0.2 | NS | 13.1 ± 0.3 | 12.9 ± 0.3 | NS | 12.8 ± 0.2 | 11.6 ± 0.3 | 0.006 |
| Race (white/black) | 50/82 | 75/30 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White (%) | 37.9 | 71.4 | |||||||
| Black (%) | 62.1 | 28.6 | |||||||
| Pubertal status (PP/P) | 14/118 | 28/77 | 0.001 | 6/44 | 15/60 | NS | 8/74 | 13/17 | <0.001 |
| Tanner I (%) | 10.6 | 26.7 | 12 | 20 | 9.8 | 43.3 | |||
| Tanner II–V (%) | 89.4 | 73.3 | 88 | 80 | 90.2 | 56.7 | |||
| Season (WS/SF) | 66/66 | 44/61 | NS | 32/18 | 39/36 | NS | 34/48 | 5/25 | 0.015 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 0.8 | 24.7 ± 0.8 | 0.003 | 28.7 ± 1.4 | 24.7 ± 0.9 | 0.031 | 27.7 ± 1.0 | 24.5 ± 1.5 | 0.066a |
| BMI percentile (%) | 82.0 ± 2.1 | 72.5 ± 2.8 | 0.003 | 81.1 ± 3.6 | 72.2 ± 3.5 | 0.020 | 82.5 ± 2.6 | 73.3 ± 4.8 | NS |
| Obese (yes/no) | 73/59 | 39/66 | 0.005 | 29/21 | 27/48 | 0.015 | 44/38 | 12/18 | NS |
| VAT (cm2) | 49.4 ± 3.9 | 38.4 ± 3.0 | 0.027 | 65.1 ± 7.5 | 40.8 ± 3.6 | 0.026 | 39.7 ± 3.9 | 32.7 ± 5.5 | NS |
| SAT (cm2) | 315.7 ± 21.2 | 243.1 ± 22.5 | 0.014 | 341.1 ± 35.1 | 253.1 ± 27.2 | 0.060 | 300.1 ± 26.6 | 219.5 ± 39.9 | 0.047 |
| %BF | 32.8 ± 1.2 | 28.0 ± 1.3 | 0.008 | 33.7 ± 1.9 | 28.0 ± 1.5 | 0.021 | 32.3 ± 1.5 | 28.2 ± 2.7 | NS |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 161.1 ± 2.8 | 161.3 ± 3.1 | NS | 166.7 ± 4.6 | 164.1 ± 3.8 | NS | 157.7 ± 3.5 | 154.0 ± 4.9 | NS |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 96.0 ± 4.6 | 102.6 ± 6.8 | NS | 121.4 ± 9.4 | 109.9 ± 8.1 | NS | 80.6 ± 3.9 | 84.0 ± 12.1 | NS |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 96.1 ± 2.5 | 94.3 ± 2.8 | NS | 97.8 ± 4.1 | 96.7 ± 3.3 | NS | 95.2 ± 3.1 | 88.2 ± 4.8 | NS |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 45.8 ± 1.0 | 47.6 ± 1.9 | NS | 44.6 ± 1.7 | 45.2 ± 1.1 | NS | 46.6 ± 1.2 | 53.8 ± 5.9 | NS |
| VLDL (mg/dl) | 19.0 ± 0.9 | 20.9 ± 1.4 | NS | 23.8 ± 1.9 | 22.0 ± 1.6 | NS | 16.0 ± 0.8 | 17.9 ± 2.5 | NS |
Data were available for VAT and SAT in 227 participants, DEXA in 224 participants, and lipids in 233 participants. PP, Prepubertal (Tanner I); P, pubertal (Tanner II–V); WS, winter/spring; SF, summer/fall; obese, BMI percentile ≥95. Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used in quantitative variables and χ2 in qualitative variables.
a
After excluding the outlier with high plasma 25(OH)D concentration, differences in adiposity indices between vitamin D-deficient and nondeficient blacks did not change, except for the BMI (27.7 ± 1.0 vs. 24.0 ± 1.5 kg/m2; P = 0.037).