| No. | Author. Journal (Year) | Title | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | Bar-Or. Phys Sport Med (2000) | Juvenile obesity, physical activity, and lifestyle changes | Review article |
| E2 | Biering-Sørensen et al. Spinal Cord (2000) | Bacterial contamination of bath-water from spinal cord lesioned patients with pressure ulcers exercising in the water | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E3 | Darby et al. J Sports Med Phys Fitness (2000) | Physiological responses during two types of exercise performed on land and in the water | Cross-over design |
| E4 | Hsieh. MAMM (2000) | Aquatic exercise makes a splash | Program idea |
| E5 | Jamison. Rehab Management (2000) | Long-term rehab. The healing properties of water | Review article |
| E6 | Sugano et al. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Hum Sci (2000) | Influence of water exercise and land stretching on salivary cortisol concentrations and anxiety in chronic low back pain patients | Cross-over design |
| E7 | Watanabe et al. Percept Mot Skills (2000) | Comparison of water- and land-based exercise in the reduction of state anxiety among older adults | RCT |
| E8 | Alzugaray. Midwifery Today (2001) | American AquaNatal: a midwifery-based holistic prenatal water exercise and educational program | Program idea |
| E9 | Hartmann et al. Geburtsh Frauenheilk (2001) | “Aqua-Fit” during pregnancy: Maternal and fetal hemodynamic responses during rest, immersion and exercise | No control group |
| E10 | Piso et al. Phys Med Rehabil Kuror (2001) | Analgesic effects of sauna in fibromyalgia | RCT |
| E11 | Postollec. Back on Track (2001) | Back on Track Aquatic therapy can help patients with back pain resume normal activity | Program idea |
| E12 | Shono et al. J Physiol Anthropol (2001) | Physiological responses to water-walking in middle aged women | Physiological responses (regulatory experiment group versus the other group) |
| E13 | Watanabe et al. Percept Mot Skills (2001) | Effects of increasing expenditure of energy during exercise on psychological well-being in older adults | No control group |
| E14 | Seki et al. Bul of Nurs College, Wakayama Med Univ (2001) | The effects of maintaining health by exercising in the water in middle to old-aged women | No control group |
| E15 | Belza et al. Nus Res (2002) | Does adherence make a difference | RCT |
| E16 | Huey et al. Best of Both Worlds (2002) | Combining aquatics with land exercise effectively reduces back pain | Program idea |
| E17 | V. Kendrick et al. J Aquatic Phys Ther (2002) | Effects of water exercise on improving muscular strength and endurance in suburban and inner city older adults | Cohort study |
| E18 | Warden et al. Sports Med (2002) | Aetiology of rib stress fractures in rowers | Review article |
| E19 | Weinsier et al. An J Clin Nutr (2002) | Free-living activity energy expenditure in women successful and unsuccessful at maintaining a normal body weight | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E20 | Winter et al. J Aquatic Phys Ther (2002) | Effects of aquatic lumbar stabilization and strengthening exercise protocol on chronic low back pain patients | No control group |
| E21 | Sudo et al. Ann reports Health Phys Educ Sports Sci (2002) | Effects of the underwater exercise on elderly with low-muscle strength | Cross-sectional study |
| E22 | Tsushita et al. J Aquatic Health Med (2002) | Effect of aquatic exercise on lifestyle-related diseases in middle-aged women | No control group |
| E23 | Campbell et al. Med Sci Sports Exer (2003) | Metabolic and cardiovascular response to shallow water exercise in young and older women | Physiological responses |
| E24 | Charitopoulos et al. J Human Mov Stud (2003) | Application of an aqua exercise programme in children with exercise induced asthma | No control group |
| E25 | Driver et al. J Cognit Rehabil (2003) | Effect of an aquatics program on psycho/social experiences of individuals with brain injuries: a pilot study | Case report |
| E26 | Gyurcsik et al. Arthritis Rheum (2003) | Exercise-related goals and self-efficacy as correlates of aquatic exercise in individuals with arthritis | Cross-sectional study |
| E27 | Mayo Clin. Health Lett (2003) | Water exercise for arthritis: low-impact fitness | Health letter |
| E28 | Suomi et al. Arch Phys Med Rehabil (2003) | Effects of arthritis exercise programs on functional fitness and perceived activities of daily living measures in older adults with arthritis | RCT |
| E29 | Weidner et al. Aktuelle Rheumatoligie (2003) | Rheumatism and Sports | Review article |
| E30 | Yurtkuran et al. Am J Phys Med Rehabil (2003) | Evaluation of hormonal response and ultrasonic changes in heel bone by aquatic exercise in sedentary postmenopausal women | RCT |
| E31 | Sugano et al. Bull Inst Health Sport Sci, Univ of Tsukuba (2003) | Prescription of water exercise for low back pain patients. Influence of water exercise and land stretching on salivary cortisol concentrations and anxiety in chronic low back pain patients | Study report |
| E32 | Matsumoto et al. Ann Reports Health Physl Educ Sports Sci (2003) | Blood chemical values in elderly persons performing habitual aquatic exercise | Cross-sectional study |
| E33 | Benelli et al. J Strength Cond Res (2004) | Physiological responses to fitness activities: a comparison between land-based and water aerobics exercise | Cross-over design |
| E34 | Booth. Activ Adapt Aging (2004) | Water exercise and its effect on balance and gait to reduce the risk of falling in older adults | Cross-sectional study |
| E35 | Preis et al. Fisioterapia em Movimento (2004) | Análise de um programa de execução de saltos múltiplos verticais no meio líquido e no solo | Biomechanical trial |
| E36 | Roebrs et al. J Neurol Phys Ther (2004) | Effects of an aquatics exercise program on quality of life measures for individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis | No control group |
| E37 | Aoba et al. Kokushikan Soc Sport Sci (2004) | The effect of continuation term on BP at water exercise | No retrospective comparison between aquatic exercise group and drop out group of aquatic exercise |
| E38 | Ashida et al. Ann Reports Misasa Med Center, Okayama Univ (2004) | Clinical study on reduction of costs of drugs for the treatment of asthma in relation to the administration method | Not intervention study |
| E39 | Katayama et al. Descente Sports Sci (2004) | Effects of weight reduction through dietary restriction and exercise training on blood fluidity in obese middle-aged women | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E40 | Higuma et al. J Oita Med Assoc (2004) | Rehabilitation after TKA in a hospital | Cross-sectional study |
| E41 | Barry Dale et al. Rehabil Management (2005) | Aquatic therapy offers benefits to a wide range of clinical populations | Review article |
| E42 | Cider et al. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging (2005) | Cardiorespiratory effects of warm water immersion in elderly patients with chronic heart failure | Comparison between patients on healthy people |
| E43 | Kelly et al. Development Med Child Neurol (2005) | Aquatic exercise for children with cerebral palsy | Review article |
| E44 | Kato et al. Research Reports Suzuka Univ Med Sci Technol (2005) | Influence of aquatic-exercise on arterial blood pressure and acceleration plethysmogram in middle-aged women | Case report |
| E45 | Matsubara et al. Ishikawa J Nurs (2005) | Case-control study on long-term effect of programmed movement practice course combined with bathing in hot spring | Case-control study |
| E46 | Gusi et al. Arthritis Rheum (2006) | Exercise in waist-high warm water decreases pain and improves health-related quality of life and strength in lower extremities in women with fibromyalgia | RCT |
| E47 | Katia et al. JAGS (2006) | Older people involved in physical activity benefit from water exercise, showing longer total sleep time | Letter to the journal’s editor |
| E48 | Goto et al. J Jpn Assoc Phys Med Balneol Climatol (2006) | The effect of Spa-aqua therapy on lifestyle-related diseases in collaboration with public spa facility | No control group |
| E49 | Kokubu et al. Hip Joint (2006) | Effect of underwater exercise for hip joint disease | Cross-sectional study |
| E50 | Yano et al. Jpn J Phys Fitness Sports Med (2006) | Effect of fluid in ingestion on physiological response before walking in a pool | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E51 | Brody. J Aquatic Phys Ther (2007) | Aquatic physical therapy practice analysis | Practice analysis |
| E52 | Goodwin. OT Practice (2007) | Exploring the effects of a swim program for clients with down syndrome | No control group |
| E53 | Kang et al. J Gerontol Nurs (2007) | Aquatic exercise in older Korean women with arthritis | No control group |
| E54 | Kron. Complementary Med (2007) | Water therapies | Review article |
| E55 | McManus B. Pedia Phys Ther (2007) | The effect of aquatic therapy on functional mobility of infants and toddlers in early intervention | RCT |
| E56 | Magkos et al. Clin J Sports Med (2007) | The bone response to nonweight-bearing exercise is sport-, site-, and sex-specific | Cross-sectional study |
| E57 | Schmid et al. Heart (2007) | Influence of water immersion, water gymnastics and swimming on cardiac output in patients with heart failure | Physiological responses of various performances in water |
| E58 | Alpert. Cardiology (2008) | A water-based exercise program for patients with coronary artery disease | Editorial comment |
| E59 | Hujibregts et al. Top Stroke Rehabil (2008) | Implementation, process, and preliminary outcome evaluation of two community programs for persons with stroke and their care partners | Not intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E60 | Kelley et al. Therapeutic Recreation J (2008) | Comparing the effects of aquatic and land-based exercise on the physiological stress response of women with fibromyalgia | A single-subject alternating treatment design |
| E61 | Tokmakidis et al. Cardiology (2008) | Training, detraining and retraining effects after a water-based exercise program in patients with coronary artery disease | RCT |
| E62 | Colado et al. Eur J Appl Physiol (2009) | Effects of aquatic resistance training on health and fitness in postmenopausal women | RCT |
| E63 | Fragala-Pinkham et al. Pedia Phys Ther (2009) | An aquatic physical therapy program at a pediatric rehabilitation hospital: a case series | Case report |
| E64 | Laurent et al. Euro Soc Cardiol (2009) | Training-induced increase in nitric oxide metabolites in chronic heart failure and coronary artery disease: an extra benefit of water-based exercises? | RCT |
| E65 | Schmid et al. Heart (2009) | Influence of water immersion, water gymnastics and swimming on cardiac output in patients with heart failure | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E66 | Souza Vale et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatrics (2009) | Effects of muscle strength and aerobic training on basal serum levels of IGF-1 and cortisol in elderly women | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
| E67 | Tolomio et al. Clin Ter (2009) | Effects of a combined weight- and non weight-bearing (water) exercise program on bone mass and quality in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density | No intervention by aquatic exercise |
Abbreviations: IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; RCT, randomized controlled trial.