Table 3.
Group means (M) and standard deviations (SD) for average numeric rating scale (NRS) pain intensity scores across calibration trials, mean difference between heat pain stimulus temperatures corresponding to NRS pain scores of 6 and 3, and mean difference in average NRS pain intensity scores for control cream minus average pain intensity for placebo cream during conditioning trials
| Group |
M (SD) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean pain intensity rating across calibration trials | Mean temperature for NRS of 6 minus mean temperature for NRS of 3 | Mean pain control cream minus mean pain placebo during conditioning | |
| Direction | 5.18 (1.87) | 3.20 (1.15) | 1.92 (1.17) |
| No Verbal + No Direction | 4.13 (1.65) | 3.07 (1.44) | 2.00 (0.93) |
| Verbal + Direction | 4.95 (1.44) | 2.80 (0.77) | 2.21 (1.13) |
| Verbal | 4.84 (1.12) | 2.87 (0.99) | 2.59 (1.16) |
| Verbal + Expectation | 3.88 (2.85) | 3.53 (1.13) | 1.85 (1.14) |