Table 4.
Characteristics of Study Participants by Sex: Participants 50 Years of Age or Over
| n | Males 66 | Females 25 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54.8 ± 4.5 | 54.7 ± 4.3 | 0.917 | |
| Race | 0.235 | |||
| Caucasian (%) | 57.6 | 44.0 | ||
| African American (%) | 30.3 | 52.0 | ||
| Mixed/Asian/Other (%) | 10.6 | 4.0 | ||
| Hispanic/Latino (%) | 1.5 | 0.0 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 4.6 | 29.3 ± 6.7 | 0.044 | |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 38.5 ± 3.2 | 34.2 ± 2.7 | <0.001 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 97.4 ± 11.5 | 94.5 ± 14.9 | 0.326 | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.95 ± 0.07 | 0.87 ± 0.09 | <0.001 | |
| Waist-to-thigh ratio | 2.03 ± 0.21 | 1.82 ± 0.23 | <0.001 | |
| Central obesity (%)a | 75.8 | 76.0 | 0.981 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 127 ± 17 | 127 ± 20 | 0.98 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.0 ± 11.0 | 70.5 ± 10.9 | 0.035 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 13.6 | 16.0 | 0.774 | |
| Current smoker (%) | 42.2 (64) | 40.0 | 0.851 | |
| Metabolic syndrome(%)b | 41.0 (61) | 47.4 (19) | 0.623 | |
| Glucose >110 mg/dL (%) | 26.0 | 40.0 | 0.37 | |
| Waist Circumference >102cm men; >88cm women (%) | 28.8 | 68.0 | 0.001 | |
| TG ≥150 mg/dL (%) | 54.8 | 44.0 | 0.36 | |
| HDL-C <40 mg/dL men; <50 mg/dL women (%) | 37.3 | 52.0 | 0.211 | |
| Blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg (%) | 60.6 | 52.0 | 0.457 | |
| Framingham 10-year CHD risk (%)c | 10.9 ± 6.7 (57) | 8.5 ± 7.8 | 0.159 | |
| Relative riskd | 0.70 ± 0.41 | 0.89 ± 0.80 | 0.266 |
Values are percentages or means ± standard deviation (SD) with the numbers of subjects in parentheses.
a
As defined by the WHO.11
b
As defined by the ATP III guidelines.12
c
As previously defined.20
d
The relative 10-year CHD risk was calculated by dividing an individual's risk score by the average value for a person of the same sex and age in the Framingham population.
Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CHD, coronary heart disease; WHO, World Health Organization; ATP III, Adult Treatment Panel III.