. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 14.

Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Jan 14;45(4):1680–1687. doi: 10.1021/es103417j

Table 3.

Cytokine component levels in relation to chlordane and permethrin mixtures in cord serum assessed as continuous and categorical (tertile) variables.^a

		Cytokine components^b
		1. Global	2. Acute phase	3. Anti- inflammatory	4. TNF-α	5. IL-1β
	Median (Range)	β^c (95% CI)	β^c (95% CI)	β^c (95% CI)	β^c (95% CI)	β^c (95% CI)

Chlordane
(continuous variable)	1.72 (<LOD, 5.33)	0.12 (−0.17, 0.40)	0.02 (−0.12, 0.16)	0.08 (−0.03, 0.19)	−0.01 (−0.12, 0.09)	−0.11 (−0.20, −0.02)
Low	0.61 (<LOD, 1.21)	reference	reference	reference	reference	reference
Medium	1.71 (1.22, 2.11)	0.50 (−0.15, 1.15)	0.14 (−0.17, 0.46)	0.30 (0.05, 0.55)	−0.05 (−0.28, 0.19)	−0.32 (−0.53, −0.11)
High	2.54 (2.12, 5.33)	0.41 (−0.27, 1.10)	−0.01 (−0.34, 0.32)	0.23 (−0.04, 0.49)	−0.09 (−0.34, 0.15)	−0.25 (−0.46, −0.03)
p-trend^d		0.199	0.950	0.066	0.457	0.015
Permethrin
(continuous variable)	5.22 (<LOD, 8.54)	0.14 (−0.05, 0.32)	0.02 (−0.09, 0.12)	−0.14 (−0.22, −0.05)	0.05 (−0.04, 0.14)	0.09 (0.01, 0.17)
Low	3.47 (<LOD, 4.40)	reference	reference	reference	reference	reference
Medium	5.19 (4.41, 6.04)	0.92 (0.19, 1.65)	−0.08 (−0.49, 0.34)	−0.03 (−0.39, 0.33)	−0.07 (−0.42, 0.27)	0.11 (−0.19, 0.42)
High	6.12 (6.12, 8.54)	0.34 (−0.24, 0.92)	−0.04 (−0.37, 0.29)	−0.28 (−0.56, 0.00)	0.16 (−0.12, 0.44)	0.31 (0.07, 0.56)
p-trend^d		0.297	0.813	0.049	0.240	0.011

Models adjusted for parity, smoking status, newborn gender, hypertension, intrapartum fever, and gestational age. Chlordane models additionally were adjusted for total serum lipid concentration.

Cytokine components are based on log-transformed cytokine variables.

β represents the mean change in levels of cytokine components per unit increase in pesticide component levels.

P-trend based on median value for each group.

Italics denote statistical significance (p-value < 0.05).