Emotional and social functioning data for VMPC patients. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) to emotionally charged social stimuli (e.g., pictures of social disasters, mutilations, and nudes, using methods described previously (Damasio et al., 1990)). None of the 7 brain-damaged comparison patients had SCR impairments to emotionally charged stimuli. Social Emotions, the patient's demonstrated capacity for empathy, embarrassment, and guilt, as determined from reports from a collateral source (spouse or family member) provided on the Iowa Scales of Personality Change (Barrash et al., 2000) and from data from clinical interviews. Acquired Personality Changes, post-lesion changes in personality (e.g., irritability, emotional dysregulation, and impulsivity), as determined from data from the Iowa Scales of Personality Change. For Social Emotions and Acquired Personality Changes, the degree of severity is designated in parentheses (1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). None of the 7 brain-damaged comparison patients had defective social emotions or post-morbid personality changes.