Table 2.
Correlations Among All Study Variables
| 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. | 6. | 7. | 8. | 9. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Academic achievement (Grade 6) | — | .55 | .36 | –.21 | .23 | .42 | .15 | –.18 | .14 |
| 2. Academic achievement (Grade 8) | .56 | — | .41 | –.33 | .30 | .27 | .22 | –.29 | .21 |
| 3. School engagement | .38 | .41 | — | –.41 | .45 | .18 | .31 | –.28 | .22 |
| 4. Problem behavior | –.23 | –.35 | –.41 | — | –.51 | –.17 | –.25 | .28 | –.21 |
| 5. Parental monitoring | .24 | .30 | .45 | –.51 | — | .15 | .16 | –.21 | .16 |
| 6. Friends’ academic achievement | .41 | .27 | .19 | –.18 | .17 | — | .34 | –.20 | .13 |
| 7. Friends’ school engagement | .16 | .23 | .31 | –.25 | .17 | .33 | — | –.48 | .23 |
| 8. Friends’ problem behavior | –.20 | –.28 | –.29 | .30 | –.24 | –.21 | –.47 | — | –.18 |
| 9. Gender | .13 | .20 | .21 | –.20 | .14 | .12 | .22 | –.17 | — |
Note. All correlations are significant at the p < .001 level. For Gender, boys are coded 0 and girls are coded 1. Above the diagonal: correlations based on original, nonimputed values (pairwise deletion). Below the diagonal: pooled estimates of correlations computed on the five imputed datasets.