Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of All Participants by Treatment Arm and Depressive Symptoms*
| Physical Activity Intervention | Successful Aging Control | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Depressive Symptoms |
Low Depressive Symptoms |
High Depressive Symptoms |
Low Depressive Symptoms |
|
| Age (years) | 75.74±4.71 (N=38) | 76.70±4.04 (N=175) | 75.24±3.64 (N=29) | 77.29±4.35 (N=182) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| African American/Black | 8/38 (21.1%) | 29/175 (16.6%) | 6/29 (20.7%) | 34/182 (18.7%) |
| Caucasian/White | 25/38 (65.8%) | 135/175 (77.1%) | 20/29 (69.0%) | 135/182 (74.2%) |
| Other/Mixed | 5/38 (13.6%) | 11/175 (6.3%) | 3/29 (10.3%) | 13/182 (7.1%) |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 24/38 (63.2%) | 122/175 (69.7%) | 22/29 (75.9%) | 124/182 (68.1%) |
| Male | 14/38 (36.8%) | 53/175 (30.3%) | 7/29 (24.1%) | 58/182 (31.9%) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 9/38 (23.7%) | 27/175 (15.4%) | 7/29 (24.1%) | 26/182 (14.3%) |
| Former | 7/38 (18.4%) | 25/175 (14.3%) | 5/29 (17.2%) | 23/182 (12.6%) |
| Current | 1/38 (2.6%) | 6/175 (3.4%) | 2/29 (6.9%) | 5/182 (2.7%) |
| Not current (unknown if ever) | 21/38 (55.3%) | 117/175 (66.9%) | 15/29 (51.7%) | 128/182 (70.3%) |
| Education | ||||
| Elementary school | 3/38 (7.9%) | 2/175 (1.1%) | 2/29 (6.9%) | 4/182 (2.2%) |
| High school or equivalency | 11/38 (28.9%) | 47/175 (26.9%) | 7/29 (24.1%) | 51/182 (28.0%) |
| College | 19/38 (50.0%) | 87/175 (49.7%) | 10/29 (34.5%) | 78/182 (42.9%) |
| Post graduate | 4/38 (10.5%) | 32/175 (18.3%) | 9/29 (31.0%) | 45/182 (24.7%) |
| Other/Missing | 1/38 (2.6%) | 7/175 (4.0%) | 1/29 (3.4%) | 4/182 (2.2%) |
| Body Mass Index (weight.height−2) | 30.03±5.91 (N=38) | 30.86±6.32 (N=175) | 30.79±6.77 (N=29) | 29.57±5.63 (N=182) |
| # of prescription drugs | 6.03±3.77 (N=38) | 5.13±3.13 (N=175) | 6.41±3.38 (N=29) | 5.00±3.54 (N=182) |
| Taking Antidepressant/anti-anxiety meds | 16/38 (42.1%) | 33/175 (18.9%) | 16/29 (55.2%) | 36/182 (19.8%) |
| Folstein Mini Mental Status Exam | 26.37±2.82 (N=38) | 27.25±2.27 (N=175) | 26.52±2.35 (N=29) | 27.59±2.02 (N=182) |
| Self reported medical history/diagnoses | ||||
| Hypertension | 29/38 (76.3%) | 119/174 (68.4%) | 18/29 (62.1%) | 127/182 (69.8%) |
| Arthritis (past 6 months) | 8/38 (21.1%) | 42/175 (24.0%) | 8/29 (27.6%) | 35/181 (19.3%) |
| Fracture (hip or any other bone) | 7/38 (18.4%) | 57/175 (32.6%) | 9/29 (31.0%) | 55/182 (30.2%) |
| Heart attack/coronary/MI | 7/35 (20.0%) | 17/172 (9.9%) | 3/29 (10.3%) | 12/180 (6.7%) |
| Diabetes+ | 13/38 (34.2%) | 45/172 (26.2%) | 7/28 (25.0%) | 27/179 (15.1%) |
| Cancer (excluding skin) | 12/38 (31.6%) | 26/174 (14.9%) | 6/29 (20.7%) | 30/178 (16.9%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 3/37 (8.1%) | 8/170 (4.7%) | 3/29 (10.3%) | 10/178 (5.6%) |
| Stroke | 2/38 (5.3%) | 6/174 (3.4%) | 1/29 (3.4%) | 11/180 (6.1%) |
| Pacemaker | 0/37 (0.0%) | 5/162 (3.1%) | 0/28 (0.0%) | 3/172 (1.7%) |
*
Using a cutoff for Elevated Depressive Symptoms of CES-D >= 14
+
Prevalence of diabetes higher in high depressive symptoms in both PA and SA groups