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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010 Nov 11;31(2):289–296. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.217901

Figure 1. Calpain and PKC activities are increased in the hyperglycemic, insulin-deficient mesenteric microcirculation.

Figure 1

Calpain (panel A) and PKC (Panel B) activities in all experimental groups of rats were measured in protein extracts of the vascularized mesentery using the fluorogenic substrate Succ-LLVY-AMC and by the incorporation of γ-phosphate from [γ-32P]ATP into the substrate QKRPSQRSKYL, respectively. The calpain inhibitor ZLLal effectively blocked calpain activity (Panel A) but failed to attenuate PKC activity (Panel B) in the STZ-diabetic microcirculation. Activity levels are expressed as fold change from nondiabetic control values. Bars represent mean ± SEM, and numbers at the base of the bars represent the number of rats studied in each group.