Table 2.

Means (standard deviations) for volumetric shrinkage (%)

Nanogel fraction, wt%	Resins^*		Composites^#
Nanogel fraction, wt%	Non-reactive nanogels	Reactive nanogels	Composites^#
Control	10.66 (0.3)^a		5.14 (0.2)^a
5	10.27 (0.3)^A,a	10.57 (0.4)^A,ab	4.78 (0.1)^ab
10	10.07 (0.5)^A,a	10.07 (0.8)^A,ab	4.51 (0.6)^b
20	8.75 (0.4)^A,b	9.35 (0.4)^A,b	4.48 (0.3)^b
30	7.92 (0.4)^A,b	7.79 (0.1)^A,c	4.61 (0.3)^b
40	6.04 (0.2)^A,c	6.72 (0.4)^A,c	3.91 (0.04)^c

Means with parenthetic standard deviation. Upper case letters indicate that there are no statistical differences between analogous nanogel concentrations within a given row (paired t-test, α=5%). Lower case letters indicate statistical differences within a column (Tukey’s test, α=5%).

Composite formulations with fixed barium glass loading (70 wt%) and varied nanogel contents.