Figure 4.

Effects of ABC294640, sorafenib or combinations on autophagy and MAP /ERK signaling in tumor cells and splenocytes. SK-HEP-1 cells (A) were exposed to ABC294640, sorafenib or combinations for 48 hr. Splenocytes (B) or peripheral lymphocytes (C) were isolated from either drug naïve mice (splenocytes) or drug-treated mice (peripheral lymphocytes) as described in Materials and Methods section. In (B), splenocytes were exposed to increasing concentrations of ABC294640 and harvested at indicated time points. Cell lysates were then fractionated by SDS-PAGE, and probed with antibodies to detect LC3-II, actin, p-ERK and ERK as described in the Materials and Methods section.