Table 2.
Mean Differences as a Function of Child’s Gender
| Measure | Boys
|
Girls
|
F-test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | ||
| Parental | |||||
| Family income | 5.01 | (1.92) | 5.10 | (1.91) | 0.73 |
| Parental monitoring | 3.63 | (1.12) | 3.93 | (1.14) | 10.22** |
| Parental warmth | 3.64 | (1.09) | 3.64 | (1.16) | 0.03 |
| Social | |||||
| Involvement in clubs/activities | 2.11 | (1.27) | 2.33 | (1.33) | 1.96 |
| Peer marijuana norms | 2.50 | (0.95) | 2.68 | (1.00) | 12.23*** |
| Friend marijuana norms | 2.09 | (1.09) | 2.02 | (1.10) | 0.06 |
| Adult supervsion | 2.84 | (1.20) | 3.06 | (1.22) | 6.45** |
| Self delinquency | 1.34 | (0.58) | 1.21 | (0.42) | 13.99*** |
| Peer delinquency | 1.92 | (1.22) | 1.70 | (1.06) | 8.04** |
| Intrapersonal | |||||
| Refusal strength | 4.51 | (0.89) | 4.63 | (0.76) | 14.54*** |
| Sensation seeking | 2.85 | (0.96) | 2.62 | (0.88) | 15.36*** |
| Approval of others’ mar use | 1.86 | (0.94) | 1.82 | (0.88) | 3.78 |
| Substance Use | |||||
| Cigarette use | 1.83 | (1.34) | 1.81 | (1.34) | 0.31 |
| Alcohol use | 1.99 | (1.20) | 1.99 | (1.18) | 0.61 |
| Marijuana use | 1.48 | (0.96) | 1.38 | (0.86) | 1.05 |
Note . Statistical tests of child’s gender main effects are from the 2 (gender) × 3 (family structure) ANCOVA models, controlling for family income. Family income is from 2 (gender) × 3 (family structure) ANOVA model.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.