Pyruvate concentrations in S. aureus cells challenged with PK lead compound AM-165. Pyruvate concentrations were measured in S. aureus RN4220 cells incubated in the absence (control) or presence of the highest sublethal concentration of AM-165 (e.g., 1.25 μg/ml), ciprofloxacin (0.25 μg/ml), or vancomycin (0.5 μg/ml), as described in Materials and Methods. The data presented are means ± standard deviations (SD) of data from three independent experiments, each performed in duplicates.