Table 4.
Divergence time estimations (in millions of years ago) for major diversification events of Mustelidae, including data from previous studies
| Node | Diversification event | Nuclear dataa(95% CI)c | Mt datab(95% CI) | Fossil record | Wayne (1989) | Bininda-Emonds (1999) | Hosoda (2000) | Sato (2003) | Yonezawa (2007) | Koepli (2008) | Eizirik et al (2010) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | divergence of Taxidiinae to the other mustelids | 23.73(22.80-24.70) | 23.46(22.50-24.41) | - | - | 20.8 | - | - | 20.21(18.78-21.64) | 24.2(22.3-26) | 13.0 (9.6-17.1) |
| 2 | divergence of Melinae | 17.33(12.44-22.10) | 17.19(13.96-20.58) | 18-20.5 | - | 13.7 | - | 14.5-18.1 | 16.98(15.52-18.44) | 11(9.4-12.5) | 11.7 (8.5-15.5) |
| 3 | origin of the other mustlids except for Taxidiinae and Melinae | 16.05(11.34-20.91) | 15.79(12.65-19.11) | 21.5-22.5 | - | 11.4 | - | 14.7-14.8 | 14.83(13.39-16.27) | 11.6(10.1-13) | 10.8 (7.8-14.5) |
| 4 | divergence of Helictidinae | 10.21(5.66-15.04) | 13.86(10.45-17.02) | - | - | 6.9 | - | - | - | 10.8(9.4-12.2) | - |
| 5 | divergence between Lutrinae and Mustelinae | 11.43(7.02-16.00) | 12.54(9.24-15.87) | 11.1-13.5 | 20-25 | 9.9-17.1 | 15-23 | 13.5-14.1 | 12.74(11.41-14.07) | 8.7(7.3-10.0) | 8.4(5.9-11.5) |
| 7 | origin of Mustelinae | 5.89(4.99-6.83) | 6.30(5.39-7.24) | 3.4-4.2 | 12-20 | 10.4-11.4 | 10-23 | 8.5-9.9 | - | 6.1(4.9-7.2) | - |
| 6 | origin of Martinae | 5.97(3.39-8.90) | 10.91(7.82-14.37) | 3.3-4.0 | - | 8.2 | 10-14 | - | 11.48(10.15-12.81) | 6.8(5.1-8.5) | 7.7(5.3-10.8) |
Node numbers correspond to those indicated in Figure 2 and 3
a the divergence times were estimated based on combined nuclear genes and tree topology in Figure 2
b the divergence times were estimated based on mt genomes and tree topology in Figure 3
c 95% confidence intervals