Table 3.

Three-Year Change in Spherical Equivalent Refractive Error According to Baseline Characteristics

Baseline Characteristic	Change in Average Spherical Equivalent between Baseline and 3 Years (D)				Estimated Difference, Adjusted for Baseline Spherical Equivalent	P for Interaction
	SVL		PAL
	n	Mean	n	Mean
Age, y						0.92*
8 to <9	13	−1.39	8	−1.23	0.18
9 to <10	17	−1.14	13	−1.11	0.11
10 to <11	14	−1.19	15	−0.71	0.48
11 to <12	14	−0.88	16	−0.64	0.26
Sex						0.52
Male	31	−1.09	19	−0.95	0.20
Female	27	−1.21	33	−0.82	0.39
Race/Ethnicity						0.94
White	30	−1.10	26	−0.79	0.32
Nonwhite	28	−1.19	26	−0.94	0.30
Prior spectacle wear (SVLs)						0.48
Currently or in past	34	−1.10	31	−0.90	0.22
Never	24	−1.22	21	−0.81	0.42
Spherical equivalent, D						0.24/0.57†
−0.75 to −1.49	33	−1.20	25	−0.79	0.35
−1.50 to −2.50	25	−1.08	27	−0.93	0.17
Accommodative lag, D						0.23/0.55†
0.50 to 1.49	38	−1.12	28	−0.91	0.24
1.50 or worse	20	−1.20	24	−0.81	0.41
Near esophoria, PD						0.56
2 to 5	33	−1.13	30	−0.97	0.18
6 to 10	21	−1.09	18	−0.66	0.46
>10	4	−1.60	4	−1.01	0.63
Parental history of myopia						0.43
Neither parent	5	−0.72	9	−0.83	−0.10
One parent	10	−1.28	15	−0.73	0.57
Both parents	20	−1.29	18	−0.99	0.30

^*Corresponds to the interaction between treatment and the continuous variable.

^†The first P value tests for the interaction between treatment and age as a continuous variable; the second P value tests for the interaction between treatment and the two-level categorical variable.