Table 2.
Expression rates of steroid receptors in DCIS
| Biomarker | First author and reference | Year | No. of samples | Expression rate, % | Definition of positivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estrogen receptor (ER) | |||||
| Albonico 7 | 1998 | 62 | 28.8-92.6 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. 28.8 (comedo DCIS) 78.9 (noncomedo DCIS) 92.6 (cribriform DCIS) | |
| Claus 9 | 2001 | 219 | 60 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Bijker 10 | 2001 | 116 | 62.9 | Any ER expression. | |
| Ringberg 16 | 2001 | 187 | 60 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Wärnberg 36 | 2001 | 194 | 68 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Oh 41 | 2001 | 49 | 65.3 | Nuclear staining in more than 5% of tumor cells. | |
| Lebrecht 11 | 2002 | 120 | 71.7 | Moderate or strong nuclear staining in tumor cells. | |
| DiGiovanna 17 | 2002 | 219 | 60 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Provenzano 22 | 2003 | 95 | 49 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Lebeau 12 | 2003 | 45 | 55 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Roka 23 | 2004 | 190 | 57.9 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Boland 19 | 2004 | 187 | 59.7 | Nuclear staining in at least 5% of tumor cells. | |
| Barnes 35 | 2005 | 129 | 66.4 | Nuclear staining in at least 5% of tumor cells. | |
| Perrone 20 | 2005 | 49 | 75.5 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Collins 13 | 2005 | 148 | 77 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Gauthier 62 | 2005 | 30 | 78.9 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Bryan 65 | 2006 | 66 | 56 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. All cases were high-nuclear-grade DCIS. | |
| Kepple 59 | 2006 | 94 | 74 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper | |
| Wilson 37 | 2006 | 129 | 65.1 | Nuclear staining in at least 5% of tumor cells. | |
| Barnes 54 | 2006 | 161 | 63.6 | Nuclear staining in at least 5% of tumor cells. | |
| Millar 31 | 2007 | 60 | 58.3 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Livasy 66 | 2007 | 245 | 70 | Allred score above 2. | |
| Meijnen 14 | 2008 | 163 | 68 | Any ER expression. | |
| Hanley 8 | 2008 | 90 | 30 (high-grade DCIS);96 (non-high-grade DCIS) | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Tamimi 67 | 2008 | 272 | 74 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Okumura 52 | 2008 | 52 | 73.1 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Kulkarni 21 | 2008 | 69 | 77.8 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Roses 68 | 2009 | 84 | 76.2 | Allred score less than or equal to 3. | |
| Suzuki 69 | 2009 | 58 | 60 | Nuclear staining in at least 1% of tumor cells. | |
| Altintas 15 | 2009 | 159 | 72 | Nuclear staining in at least10% of tumor cells. | |
| Yu K 70 | 2010 | 271 | 67.3 | Results of immunohistochemical assays were evaluated using a proportion score and an intensity score. Tumors that scored over 1 were scored as positive. | |
| Kuerer 18 | 2010 | 69 | 81 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Kerlikowske 24 | 2010 | 329 | 77.9 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Behling 71 | 2010 | 65 | 78 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Witkiewicz 61 | 2010 | 97 | 96.6 | Status obtained from the pathology reports. | |
| Holmes 58 | 2011 | 141 | 80.9 | Nuclear staining was assessed in tumors and assigned a score. Tumors with staining in 0-9% of cells were given a score of 3, tumors with staining in 10-79% of cells were given a score of 2, and tumors with staining in 80% or more of cells were given a score of 1. Scores 1 and 2 were considered to be positive. | |
| Progesterone receptor (PR) | |||||
| Albonico 7 | 1998 | 62 | 28.2-89.1 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. 28.2 (comedo DCIS) 75.3 (noncomedo DCIS) 89.1 (cribriform DCIS) | |
| Claus 9 | 2001 | 219 | 62 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Bijker 10 | 2001 | 116 | 47.1 | Any PR expression. | |
| Ringberg 16 | 2001 | 187 | 43 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Wärnberg 36 | 2001 | 194 | 43 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| DiGiovanna 17 | 2002 | 219 | 62 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Provenzano 22 | 2003 | 95 | 48 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Lebeau 12 | 2003 | 45 | 50 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Roka 23 | 2004 | 190 | 41 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Perrone 20 | 2005 | 49 | 65.3 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Gauthier 62 | 2005 | 30 | 70.8 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Bryan 65 | 2006 | 66 | 40 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. All cases were high-nuclear-grade DCIS. | |
| Kepple 59 | 2006 | 94 | 56 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Millar 31 | 2007 | 60 | 56.1 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Meijnen 14 | 2008 | 163 | 46 | Any PR expression. | |
| Hanley 8 | 2008 | 90 | 23 (high-grade DCIS);81 (non-high-grade DCIS) | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Tamimi 67 | 2008 | 272 | 59.9 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Okumura 52 | 2008 | 52 | 71.2 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Kulkarni 21 | 2008 | 69 | 75.9 | Nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Roses 68 | 2009 | 84 | 68.3 | Allred score less than or equal to 3. | |
| Suzuki 69 | 2009 | 58 | 55 | Nuclear staining in at least 1% of tumor cells. | |
| Altintas 15 | 2009 | 159 | 65 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Yu K 70 | 2010 | 271 | 52.7 | Results of immunohistochemical assays were evaluated using a proportion score and an intensity score. Tumors that scored over 1 were scored as positive. | |
| Bundred 30 | 2010 | 90 | 72 | Nuclear staining in more than 5% of tumor cells. All cases were ER-positive DCIS. | |
| Kerlikowske 24 | 2010 | 329 | 74.5 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Behling 71 | 2010 | 65 | 71.2 | No cut-off value was mentioned in the paper. | |
| Witkiewicz 61 | 2010 | 97 | 83.3 | Status obtained from pathology reports. | |
| Holmes 58 | 2011 | 141 | 70.9 | Nuclear staining was assessed in tumors and assigned a score. Tumors with staining in 0-9% of cells were given a score of 3, tumors with staining in 10-79% of cells were given a score of 2, and tumors with staining in 80% or more of cells were given a score of 1. Scores 1 and 2 were considered to be positive. | |
| Androgen receptor (AR) | |||||
| Provenzano 22 | 2003 | 95 | 81 | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Meijnen 14 | 2008 | 163 | 37 | Strong nuclear staining in more than 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Hanley 8 | 2008 | 90 | 89 (non-high-grade DCIS);93 (high-grade DCIS) | Nuclear staining in at least 10% of tumor cells. | |
| Yu Q. 33 | 2010 | 34 | 79.4 | Allred score of 2. | |