Table 3.
Crude and multivariable-adjusted rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CRC and its subsites by sex-specific quintile of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations.
| Quintiles of serum PTH concentration† |
All participants | Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (cases/ controls) |
Crude RR¥ (95%CI) |
Multivariable RR£ (95%CI) |
N (cases/ controls) |
Crude RR¥ (95%CI) |
Multivariable RR£ (95%CI) |
N (cases/ controls) |
Crude RR¥ (95%CI) |
Multivariable RR£ (95%CI) |
|
| Colorectum | |||||||||
| 1 | 277/243 | 1.11 (0.86-1.45) | 1.19 (0.90-1.57) | 136/122 | 1.20 (0.82-1.75) | 1.14 (0.75-1.74) | 141/121 | 1.06 (0.74-1.52) | 1.20 (0.82-1.77) |
| 2 | 213/239 | 0.87 (0.67-1.13) | 0.87 (0.66-1.15) | 132/120 | 1.17 (0.81-1.69) | 1.19 (0.79-1.77) | 81/119 | 0.60 (0.40-0.89) | 0.59 (0.39-0.90) |
| 3 (reference) | 248/242 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 117/119 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 131/123 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 4 | 183/245 | 0.73 (0.56-0.96) | 0.69 (0.52-0.91) | 78/121 | 0.64 (0.44-0.95) | 0.56 (0.36-0.87) | 105/124 | 0.80 (0.56-1.15) | 0.77 (0.52-1.15) |
| 5 | 293/245 | 1.17 (0.91-1.52) | 1.09 (0.82-1.44) | 139/120 | 1.20 (0.82-1.75) | 1.04 (0.69-1.59) | 154/125 | 1.15 (0.81-1.65) | 1.16 (0.79-1.71) |
| P trend | 0.3 7 | 0.97 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 0.14 | 0.36 | |||
| Colon | |||||||||
| 1 | 173/154 | 1.07 (0.77-1.49) | 1.17 (0.82-1.66) | 82/75 | 1.16 (0.72-1.88) | 1.13 (0.65-1.97) | 91/79 | 1.03 (0.66-1.61) | 1.23 (0.76-1.98) |
| 2 | 131/161 | 0.78 (0.56-1.10) | 0.80 (0.56-1.14) | 80/81 | 1.07 (0.66-1.73) | 1.07 (0.63-1.81) | 51/80 | 0.54 (0.33-0.89) | 0.54 (0.32-0.92) |
| 3 (reference) | 152/149 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 64/66 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 88/83 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 4 | 111/153 | 0.73 (0.53-1.02) | 0.70 (0.49-1.00) | 43/65 | 0.67 (0.39-1.14) | 0.58 (0.32-1.06) | 68/88 | 0.75 (0.49-1.16) | 0.73 (0.46-1.17) |
| 5 | 197/147 | 1.35 (0.98-1.88) | 1.24 (0.86-1.77) | 89/71 | 1.37 (0.83-2.29) | 1.15 (0.65-2.06) | 108/76 | 1.36 (0.8 8-2.09) | 1.36 (0.84-2.20) |
| P trend | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.52 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 0.16 | |||
| Rectum | |||||||||
| 1 | 104/89 | 1.18 (0.7 6-1.84) | 1.07 (0.66-1.74) | 54/47 | 1.25 (0.67-2.34) | 0.99 (0.48-2.07) | 50/42 | 1.12 (0.60-2.09) | 1.25 (0.61-2.56) |
| 2 | 82/78 | 1.03 (0.67-1.59) | 0.99 (0.62-1.60) | 52/39 | 1.37 (0.77-2.44) | 1.52 (0.76-3.02) | 30/39 | 0.69 (0.35-1.36) | 0.71 (0.33-1.51) |
| 3 (reference) | 96/93 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 53/53 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 43/40 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 4 | 72/92 | 0.74 (0.48-1.15) | 0.62 (0.38-1.02) | 35/56 | 0.63 (0.36-1.12) | 0.55 (0.28-1.08) | 37/36 | 0.94 (0.47-1.90) | 0.87 (0.40-1.88) |
| 5 | 96/98 | 0.92 (0.60-1.39) | 0.84 (0.52-1.34) | 50/49 | 0.99 (0.56-1.75) | 0.90 (0.46-1.76) | 46/49 | 0.83 (0.44-1.58) | 0.83 (0.41-1.71) |
| P trend | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.64 | 0.59 | |||
Quintile sex-specific cut-points based on the distribution in control subjects: Men: Q1, <19.35; Q2, ≥19.35-29.45; Q3, ≥29.45-38.75; Q4, ≥38.75-53.05; Q5, ≥53.05 ng/L; Women: Q1, <16.85; Q2, ≥16.85-24.2; Q3, ≥24.2-34.1; Q4, ≥34.1-46.1; Q5, ≥46.1 ng/L. Mean (SD) serum PTH concentrations in control subjects: Men: Q1, 12.61(4.93); Q2, 24.19 (3.20); Q3, 33.86 (2.66); Q4, 45.59 (4.41); Q5, 73.17 (22.44); Women: Q1, 11.48 (4.18); Q2, 20.67 (2.02); Q3, 28.46 (2.57); Q4, 39.34 (3.41); Q5, 71.60 (27.90).
Rate ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) from conditional logistic regression model. Matching variables are sex, age, study center, fasting status, time of blood collection, and in women, menopausal status, day of menstrual cycle, and postmenopausal hormone therapy use.
Multivariable models were conditional logistic regression models additionally adjusted for 25-(OH)-vitamin D (continuous), education (none/primary, technical/professional, secondary, university or higher, and missing/unspecified), physical activity (continuous), smoking status (never smokers, former smokers who smoked for <10 years, former smokers who smoked for ≥10 years, current smokers who smoke <15 cigarettes/day, current smokers who smoke 15-25 cigarettes/day, current smokers who smoke ≥25 cigarettes/day, and missing), body mass index (BMI), total energy intake, total daily intakes of calcium, alcohol, fruits, vegetables, red and processed meats (all continuous).