Table 1.

Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of both groups

Variable	Group I Epi. F<5 mm (N = 52)	Group II Epi. F>5 mm (N = 45)	P value
Age (yrs)	60.29 ± 18.32	73.56 ± 6.44	<0.001
Height(cm)	172.9 ± 11.14	170.4 ± 10.03	0.25
Weight(kg)	85.03 ± 22.27	83.33 ± 17.89	0.68
BMI (kg/m2)	28.38 ± 6.68	28.49 ± 4.53	0.93
SBP (mmHg)	128 ± 19.74	132.1 ± 16.97	0.28
DBP (mmHg)	72.83 ± 10.53	72.29 ± 9.51	0.79
HR (beats/min)	69.71 ± 13.84	71.07 ± 14.84	0.64
EF (%)	61.73 ± 8.79	56.91 ± 11.75	0.024
LV mass (g)	185.9 ± 71.61	218.4 ± 92.34	0.07
LVMI (g/m2)	92.33 ± 27.17	110.2 ± 36.43	0.01
LAVI (AL)	35.15 ± 13.79	39.63 ± 17.54	0.16
CO (l/min)	5.14 ± 1.28	5.11 ± 1.38	0.89
CI (l/min/m2)	2.63 ± 0.63	2.63 ± 0.78	1
E Vel (m/s)	0.91 ± 0.28	0.88 ± 0.43	0.69
A Vel (m/s)	0.72 ± 0.19	0.91 ± 0.25	<0.001
E/A	1.27 ± 0.44	0.89 ± 0.36	<0.001
Diastology (E/e’)	14.39 ±10.45	16.92 ±9.18	0.2205
DT (ms)	202.7 ± 45.08	223.7 ± 70.98	0.09
FBS (mg/dl)	107.7 ± 26.68	112 ± 20.73	0.39
T. cholestrol (mg/dl)	176.9 ± 37.07	171.4 ± 31.21	0.47
LDL (mg/dl)	95.41 ± 31.02	89.34 ± 26.71	0.35
HDL (mg/dl)	60.1 ± 20.29	56.24 ± 14.27	0.32
TG (mg/dl)	108.6 ± 52.01	129.8 ± 56.68	0.08

A Vel = Late filling wave velocity across mitral valve due to atrial contraction; BMI = body mass index; CO = cardiac output; CI = cardiac index; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; DT = deceleration time; Epi.F = epicardial fat; E Vel = peak mitral flow velocity of early rapid filling wave; E/e’ = ratio of early diastolic wave across mitral valve from pulse wave Doppler across mitral wave divided over the e’ wave which corresponding to the early diastolic wave from tissue Doppler imaging at the medial mitral annulus; EF = ejection fraction; FBS = fasting blood sugar; HR = heart rate; HDL = high density lipoprotein; LAVI = left atrial volume index; LDL = low density lipoprotein; LVMI = left ventricle mass index; SBP = systolic blood pressure; TG = triglyceride; T. cholesterol = total cholesterol.