(a) Representative Western blots showing the immunolabelling of Freud-1 and β-actin in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of three pairs of control (Con) and matched major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects. (b) Freud-1 protein levels in PFC of 12 male (b, c) and 13 female (d, e) control and MDD subjects expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. of Freud-1/actin relative optical density (ROD). Data were analysed using a maximum-likelihood mixed-models test. Male subject groups: control subjects (1.52 ± 0.16) compared to the matched MDD subjects (0.96 ± 0.15, t21=2.53, * p=0.020). Female subject groups: control subjects (1.41 ± 0.25) compared to the matched MDD subjects (0.90 ± 0.18, t21=1.38, p=0.183). Freud-1 levels in PFC of male (c) and female (d) depressive subjects expressed as percent difference from paired control subjects.