Table 1.

Clinical risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome used as screening criteria for study inclusion41

Risk Factor	Description
Sepsis	Known or strongly suspected source of systemic infection (e.g., urinary tract, pulmonary, intraabdominal infections, or soft tissue infection) and at least two of the following findings: 1) temperature >38°C (100.4°F) or <36°C (96.8°F); 2) heart rate >90 beats/min; 3) respiratory rate >20 breaths/min or PaCO 2 <32 mm Hg; 4) WBC >12,000 cells/μL, <4000 cells/μL, or >10% bands
Septic shock	Fulfill requirements for sepsis and any one of the following: 1) sepsis-induced hypotension as defined by systolic BP of <90 mm Hg or reduction of ≥40 mm Hg from baseline for at least 30 min, unresponsive to 500 mL fluid resuscitation; 2) need for vasopressors to maintain systolic BP of ≥90 mm Hg within baseline
Trauma	Multiple fractures and/or pulmonary contusions
Multiple transfusions	≥8 units packed RBCs transfused within 24 hrs
Aspiration	Witnessed or documented with aspiration of gastric contents from airways or endotracheal tube

BP, blood pressure; RBC, red blood cell; WBC, white blood cell.