Table 4.

Rate ratio of incident CKD stage 3 by quartiles of CysC and ACR

	No. of incident cases	Unadjusted rate ratios (95% CI)	Adjusted* rate ratios (95% CI)	Rate ratio (95% CI) after additional adjustment for other marker**	Rate ratio (95% CI) after additional adjustment for eGFR and other marker
CysC quartiles
<0.77 mg/L	51	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
0.77 – 0.86 mg/L	122	2.47 (1.79–3.40)	2.46 (1.79–3.38)	2.45 (1.78–3.37)	1.58 (1.16–2.15)
0.87 – 0.98 mg/L	160	3.68 (2.71–5.00)	3.35 (2.43–4.60)	3.27 (2.38–4.50)	1.63 (1.19–2.25)
> 0.98 mg/L	221	7.28 (5.43–9.76)	6.05 (4.40–8.33)	5.99 (4.35–8.25)	2.09 (1.50–2.91)
ACR sex-specific quartiles
<3.6 ug/mg (♀), <3.0 ug/mg (♂)	116	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
3.6–5.5 ug/mg (♀), 3.0–4.5 ug/mg (♂)	103	0.93 (0.72–1.19)	0.85 (0.67–1.09)	0.80 (0.62–1.02)	0.97 (0.76–1.23)
5.5–10.4 ug/mg (♀), 4.5–9.3 ug/mg (♂)	127	1.12 (0.88–1.42)	0.84 (0.66–1.07)	0.84 (0.67–1.07)	1.06 (0.84–1.32)
>=10.5 ug/mg (♀), >=9.3 ug/mg (♂)	208	1.86 (1.50–2.31)	1.12 (0.90–1.40)	1.11 (0.89–1.39)	1.36 (1.10–1.69)

Note: Conversion factor for units: CysC in mg/L to nmol/L, ×74.9

Abbreviations and definitions: CKD, chronic kidney disease; ACR, albumin-creatinine ratio; CI, confidence intervals; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (by MDRD Study equation); CysC, cystatin C

^*adjusted for age, gender, race, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medications, diabetes, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, education.

^**For the cysC analyses this is additional adjustment for ACR, while for the ACR analyses this is additional adjustment for cysC