| Biomedical exchange |
Information-giving, questions, education, and counseling pertaining to the medical condition or therapeutic regimen |
| Psychosocial exchange |
Information-giving, questions, education, and counseling pertaining to psychosocial issues or lifestyle |
| Rapport building |
Social talk, laughter, compliments, and statements that reflect concern, reassurance, approval, agreement, empathy, legitimizing, and partnership |
| Patient activation/engagement |
Providers' back-channeling, paraphrasing, and asking for the patient's permission, opinion, reassurance, and understanding, and patients' paraphrasing, request for services, and asking for reassurance, understanding, and clarification from providers |
| Physician verbal dominance |
The ratio of provider-to-patient utterances during a visit (score >1 indicates more talk by provider than by patient) |
| Positive patient affect |
Average coder rating of interest/attentiveness, friendliness/warmth, responsiveness/engagement, sympathy/empathy, interactivity, and respectfulness expressed by patient during a visit |
| Positive provider affect |
Average coder rating of interest/attentiveness, friendliness/warmth, responsiveness/engagement, sympathy/empathy, interactivity, respectfulness, and hurried/rushed (reverse-coded) expressed by provider during a visit |
