Table 2.
Study population stratified by anaemia, type of anaemia, CD4 counts, total lymphocyte count and drug use
| HIV Patients | Male Patients | |||||
| Parameters | HAARTNaïve | On HAART | OR (95% CI) | HAARTNaïve | On HAART | OR (95% CI) |
| WHO/ACTG Grade | ||||||
| Grade 1 (9.5–10.5) | 51(20.1%) | 39(25.8%) | 0.7(0.5–1.2) | 12(16.7%) | 7(21.9%) | 0.7(0.3–2.0) |
| Grade 2 (8.0–9.4) | 68(26.8%) | 16(10.6%) | 3.1(1.7–5.6) | 12(16.7%) | 3(9.4%) | 1.9(0.5–7.4) |
| Grade 3 (6.5–7.9) | 33(13.0%) | 9(6.0%) | 2.4(1.1–5.1) | 6(8.3%) | 1(3.1%) | 2.8(0.3–24.4) |
| Grade 4 (<6.5) | 8(3.1%) | 6(4.0%) | 0.8(0.3–2.3) | 2(2.8%) | 0(0.0%) | 2.3(0.1–49.4) |
| Type of Anaemia | ||||||
| Micro. Hypo. | 34(14.5%) | 5(3.3%) | 5.0(1.9–13.0) | 4(6.2%) | 0(0.0%) | 4.7(0.2–91.1) |
| Macro. Hypo. | 11(4.7%) | 8(5.3%) | 0.9(0.4–2.2) | 2(3.1%) | 1(3.1%) | 1.0(0.1–11.3) |
| Normo. Hypo. | 46(19.7%) | 11(7.3%) | 3.1(1.6–6.2) | 12(18.5%) | 3(9.4%) | 2.2(0.6–8.6) |
| Normo. Normoc. | 50(21.4%) | 11(7.3%) | 3.5(1.7–6.9) | 15(23.1%) | 2(6.3%) | 4.5(1.0–21.1) |
| CD4 (CDC) | ||||||
| 0–199 | 122(44.2%) | 46(27.7%) | 2.1(1.4–3.1) | 39(50.0%) | 14(37.8%) | 1.6(0.7–3.6) |
| 200–499 | 112(40.6%) | 94(56.6%) | 0.5(0.4–2.2) | 28(35.9%) | 19(51.4%) | 0.5(0.2–1.2) |
| 500+ | 42(15.2%) | 26(15.7%) | 1.0(0.6–1.6) | 11(14.1%) | 4(10.8%) | 1.4(0.4–4.6) |
| TLC | ||||||
| <1.0 | 7(3.0%) | 3(2.0%) | 1.5(0.4–6.0) | 4(6.2%) | 1(3.1%) | 2.0(0.2–18.9) |
| 1.0–2.0 | 77(32.9%) | 39(25.8%) | 1.4(0.9–2.2) | 17(26.2%) | 11(34.4%) | 0.7(0.3–1.7) |
| >2.0 | 150(64.1%) | 109(72.2%) | 0.7(0.4–1.1) | 44(67.7%) | 20(62.5%) | 1.3(0.5–3.0) |
*P ≤ 0.05, ***P ≤ 0.001 indicates the level of significance when the HAART naïve were compared to those on HAART (unpaired t-test); Micro = microcytic; Hypo = hypochromic; Macro = macrocytic; Normoc. = normochromic
HAART = Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy; WHO/ACTG = World Health Organization/Aids Clinical Trial Group; OR = Odds Ratio; CD = Cluster of Differentiation; TLC = Total Lymphocyte count; CI = Confidence Interval.