Table 3.
Moderators and outcome variables in individual studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Study (ref.) | Number of patients (ID/C) | Trial duration (wks) | Age (ys) | Duration of DM (ys) | HbA1c/FPG baseline (%/mmol/L) | BMI baseline (Kg/m2) | MACE (n,ID/C) | All-cause mortality (n,ID/C) | Cardiovasc. mortality (n,ID/C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albiglutide versus placebo | |||||||||
| Rosenstock et al. [19] | 128/50 | 16 | 54 | 5 | 8.0/9.7 | 32.0 | 0/3 | NR/NR | NR/NR |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide versus placebo | |||||||||
| Gill et al. [20] | 27/25 | 12 | 55 | NR | 7.3/NR | NR | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Kadowaki et al. [21] | 115/40 | 12 | 59 | 11 | 8.0/9.1 | 25.9 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Zinman et al. [22] | 121/112 | 16 | 56 | 8 | 7.9/8.9 | 34.0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Gao et al. [23] | 234/232 | 16 | 55 | 8 | 8.3/9.3 | 26.2 | 0/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| DeFronzo et al. [24] | 47/45 | 20 | 56 | NR | 7.9/NR | NR | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Apovian et al. [25] | 96/98 | 24 | 55 | 5 | 7.6/8.6 | 33.7 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Moretto et al. [26] | 155/77 | 24 | 54 | 1 | 7.8/8.7 | 31.5 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Liutkus et al. [27] | 111/54 | 26 | 54 | 6 | 8.2/9.1 | 33.5 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| DeFronzo et al. [28] | 223/113 | 30 | 53 | 6 | 8.2/9.4 | 34.0 | 1/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Buse et al. [29] | 248/123 | 30 | 55 | 6 | 8.6/10.3 | 33.5 | 1/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Kendall et al. [30] | 486/247 | 30 | 55 | 9 | 8.5/9.9 | 34.0 | 7/6 | 0/1 | 0/1 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide versus rosiglitazone | |||||||||
| DeFronzo#et al. [24] | 45/45 | 20 | 56 | NR | 7.9/NR | NR | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Exenatide versus glibenclamide | |||||||||
| Derosa et al. [31] | 63/65 | 52 | 56 | NR | 8.8/7.9 | 28.6 | NR/NR | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Exenatide versus BiAsp 30/70 | |||||||||
| Bergenstal et al. [32] | 124/248 | 24 | 52 | NR | 10.1/11.4 | 33.8 | NR/NR | 0/1 | 0/1 |
| Nauck et al. [33] | 253/248 | 52 | 58 | 10 | 8.6/11.1 | 30.4 | 10/5 | 2/1 | 1/1 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide versus glargine | |||||||||
| Barnett et al. [34] | 138/138 | 16 | 55 | 7 | 8.9/12.0 | 31.3 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| NCT00360334 [35] | 118/116 | 26 | 56 | NR | 8.6/10.8 | 34.1 | 2/2 | NR/NR | NR/NR |
| Heine et al. [36] | 282/267 | 26 | 59 | 9 | 8.2/10.2 | 31.3 | 5/3 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Bunck et al. [37] | 36/33 | 52 | 58 | 5 | 7.5/9.1 | 30.6 | NR/NR | NR/NR | NR/NR |
| Diamant et al. [38] | 233/232 | 26 | 58 | 8 | 8.3/9.8 | 32.0 | 1/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide versus insulin | |||||||||
| Davis et al. [39] | 33/16 | 16 | 53 | 11 | 8.1/8.7 | 34.0 | 1/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide LAR versus placebo | |||||||||
| Kim et al. [40] | 30/14 | 15 | 53 | 4 | 8.4/10.7 | 36.0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide LAR versus pioglitazone | |||||||||
| Bergenstal et al. [41] | 160/165 | 26 | 52 | 6 | 8.5/9.1 | 32.0 | 0/3 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Exenatide LAR versus sitagliptin | |||||||||
| Bergenstal et al. [41]# | 160/166 | 26 | 52 | 6 | 8.5/9.1 | 32.0 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus placebo | |||||||||
| Madsbad et al. [42] | 135/29 | 12 | 57 | 4 | 7.5/NR | 30.4 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Vilsbøll [43] | 123/40 | 14 | 56 | 4 | 8.3/11.8 | 30.1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Seino et al. [44] | 180/46 | 14 | 57 | 8 | 8.3/NR | 23.9 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Kaku et al. [45] | 176/88 | 24 | 60 | 10 | 8.4/NR | 24.9 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Russell-Jones et al. [46] | 232/115 | 26 | 57 | 9 | 8.3/9.2 | 30.6 | 5/1 | 1/2 | 0/2 |
| Zinman et al. [47] | 355/175 | 26 | 55 | 9 | 8.5/10.1 | 33.7 | 1/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Marre et al. [48] | 695/114 | 26 | 56 | 6 | 8.4/9.7 | 29.7 | 3/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Nauck et al. [49] | 724/121 | 26 | 57 | 7 | 8.4/10.0 | 31.2 | 6/0 | 1/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus metformin | |||||||||
| Feinglos et al. [50] | 176/34 | 12 | 53 | 5 | 7.0/NR | 34,5 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus rosiglitazone | |||||||||
| Marre#et al. [48] | 695/232 | 26 | 56 | 6 | 8.4/9.7 | 29.7 | 3/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus glimepiride | |||||||||
| Madsbad#et al. [42] | 135/26 | 12 | 57 | 4 | 7.5/NR | 30.4 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| NCT00614120 [35] | 698/231 | 16 | 53 | 7 | NR/NR | 25.5 | 3/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Nauck#et al. [49] | 724/121 | 26 | 57 | 7 | 8.4/10.0 | 31.2 | 6/2 | 1/0 | 0/0 |
| Garber et al. [51] | 498/248 | 52 | 53 | 5 | 8.3/9.4 | 33.0 | 2/2 | 0/1 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus glibenclamide | |||||||||
| NCT00393718 [35] | 268/132 | 24 | 58 | 8 | 8.3/NR | 24.8 | 4/3 | 1/0 | 0/0 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus sitagliptin | |||||||||
| Pratley et al. [52] | 446/219 | 26 | 55 | 6 | 8.4/10.0 | 32.8 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 |
|
| |||||||||
| Liraglutide versus glargine | |||||||||
| Russell-Jones#et al. [46] | 232/234 | 26 | 57 | 9 | 8.3/9.2 | 30.6 | 5/1 | 1/1 | 0/1 |
#Studies with multiple comparators; DM: diabetes mellitus; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; MACE: major cardiovascular events; cardiovasc.: cardiovascular; NR: not reported.