Table 3.

Risk-modifying factors for CMM

Risk	Risk reduction	Reference
Skin type I	Skin type III, IV	3
UVA		26, 27, 32
Travel to sunny locations		33, 34
	UVB	36
	Vitamin D	37
High-fat diet	Fruits, vegetables	37
VDR	VDR	38
Sunburning		3, 39
	Melanogenesis	40
Gene present among Scots		29, 41
	Chronic solar UV irradiance	39, 42, 43
Sunscreen use		44
Skin aging, elastosis		45
	Smoking	46–48
Nevi		49

VDR, vitamin D receptor.