Table 1. Quality Criteria for included cross-sectional studies [n = 17, (26–42)].

	Describe setting, time period	Include eligibility criteria, sources, selection	Include sample size calculations	Include and describe response rates	Describe variables outcomes, exposures, covariates	Describe data sources, measures	Survey pre-tested	Survey tool tested for validity	Describe consent process, ethics approval	Train interviewer	Translate survey tool	Describe analysis	Include participant descriptions	Include events or outcome measures	Main results: include un-adjusted and adjusted results	Main results- describe adjustment
Aboubacrine/2007	√	√		√	√	√							√	√
Boyer/2009	√	√			√	√			√	√		√	√	√	√	√
Byakika-Tusiime/2005	√	√			√	√		√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
Carlucci/2008	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√		√	√	√
Iliyasu/2005	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√
Malangu/2008	√	√		√	√	√	√		√	√			√
Nachega/2004	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	√	√
Nemes/2007	√	√		√	√	√			√			√	√	√	√	√
Pinheiro/2002	√	√		√	√	√		√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√
Ramadhani/2007	√	√			√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√
Sarna/2008	√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
Silva/2009	√		√		√	√		√				√	√		√	√
Stout/2004	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	√		√	√	√	√	√	√
Uzochukwu/2009	√	√	√	√	√	√			√	√	√	√	√	√
Wang/2007	√	√		√	√	√			√			√	√	√	√	√
Weiser/2003	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
Williams/2007	√	√	√	√	√	√							√	√
TOTAL/17	17	16	8	13	17	17	5	10	15	9	8	13	16	14	9	8