Fig. 2.

Direct reprogramming is a highly efficient method of deriving pure neural progenitor cells. (A) Experimental overview and cartoon representation of results from panels B, D, and F. Cells after 9 d of differentiation from iPSCs, or after 13 d of transdifferentiation show the indicated marker expression profiles. (B) Day 9 immunostaining of cells differentiated from iPSCs, or transdifferentiated NPCs on day 13, with antibodies against the indicated markers. Pax6 and Sox1 demarcate early neuroectoderm. Sox17 is indicative of endoderm. T expression is early mesodermal. (Scale bars, 100 μm.) (C–F) qRT-PCR analysis of the indicated markers’ expression in cells harvested at multiple time points during the direct reprogramming process (C and D) and differentiation from iPSCs (E and F). Pluripotency genes (C and E) and lineage-specific genes (D and F) are shown in separate graphs. All values are relative to expression in iPSCs.