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Proposed lipid A structures produced by the S. meliloti parent strain and acpXL-lpxXL cluster mutants. Structures A, A′, B, and B′ contain a VLCFA modification, whereas structures C–E lack VLCFAs. Structure D lacks the VLCFA modification but is still penta-acylated due to the addition of a non-hydroxylated fatty acid. The example shown contains C16:0, but based on our GC-MS analysis (Table 3), this could also be replaced by a C18:0 or C18:1.
