Table 1. Parameters used in the LA model.

Item	Value or formula	Item	Value or formula
fq are chosen within the measured range of Tar/Tsr ratio (Kalinin et al, 2010); EqL are chosen to reflect the estimated Kd differences between active and inactive receptors binding with ligand (Mello et al, 2004; Mello and Tu, 2005); αq are from previous experimental measurements and estimates (Shimizu et al, 2010); mq,0 are estimated from our experiments shown in Figure 4C and D, E1,0M is set to be 3.75 to further suppress the activity of Tar for the m=0 state; CJ is designed to be symmetric, meanwhile provide high sensitivity (Mello and Tu, 2003b; Mello et al, 2004); kR(q) and kB(q) are set to be the same for Tar and Tsr receptors for convenience; all the energy parameters are in the unit of kBT, and the timescale is set by having kR(1)=1.
f 1	1/2	f 2	1/2
E 1 L	8	E 2 L	3
m 1,0	1	m 2,0	2.5
α1	−1.875	α2	−1.0
C 1,1 J	−5.5	C 1,2 J	−6.0
C 2,1 J	−6.0	C 2,2 J	−6.0
k R (1)	1	k B (1)	2
k R (2)	1	k B (2)	2
K I 1	18.1 μM	K I 2	6.0 μM