Figure 1.

Pleistocene river drainages of Taiwan, sampling localities and the species tree for E. formosa. (A). The proposed paleo-drainage systems of Minjiang on the continental shelf during the glacial period approximately 15,000 years ago [9]. (B) Present major river systems and mountain ranges of Taiwan, including the 32 sampling sites (in numbers) used in this study. The black triangles represent mountain peaks over 3,000 meters. (C) The species tree, divergence time and population size (θ = N_eμ) of E. formosa jointly estimated with COII and ITS in *BEAST. Numbers above the branches represent the Bayesian Posterior Probability (BPP). The grey bars near the nodes are 95% HPD of divergence time estimates.