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. 2011 May 13;6(5):e19939. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019939

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Watkins et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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S. aureus supernatants were collected at early stationary growth phase. Human whole blood was exposed to diluted S. aureus supernatants from MW2, MW2ΔsaeR/S and MW2ΔsaeR/Scomp strains. Cytokine levels were measured after 3 hours. Results represent the blood plasma concentration ratios of (A) IFN-γ, (B) TNF, (C) IL-6 and (D) IL-2. Ratios represent the concentration of protein measured in MW2, MW2ΔsaeR/S or MW2ΔsaeR/Scomp-treated whole blood to the concentration measured in MW2ΔsaeR/S-treated blood, normalized for each donor. Protein concentrations were measured by cytometric bead array. Results are from 4 separate donors. *P<0.05 versus MW2 as measured by ANOVA with Tukey's post-test. NS = not significant.