Table 2. All-cause mortality hazard ratios according to actinic skin damage and its components in 8472 NHEFS participants*.
| Actinic skin damage and its components | P for trend | ||||
| Absent | Minimal | Moderate | Severe | ||
| Actinic skin damage | |||||
| Person-years | 78558 | 34371 | 24253 | 2621 | |
| Number of subjects† | 4419 (915) | 2125 (856) | 1710 (1026) | 218 (172) | |
| HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Age- adjusted** | 1.0 | 1.07(0.97, 1.18) | 1.39c(1.27,1.52) | 1.78c(1.51,2.10) | <0.01 |
| Age-,gender-adjusted‡ | 1.0 | 1.01(0.92,1.11) | 1.16b(1.06,1.28) | 1.42c(1.20,1.69) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted§ | 1.0 | 1.01(0.92,1.11) | 1.20c(1.08,1.32) | 1.45c(1.22,1.72) | <0.001 |
| Fine Telangiectasia | |||||
| Person-years | 92103 | 26151 | 18438 | 3111 | |
| Number of subject† | 5282 (1294) | 1658 (741) | 1288 (755) | 244 (179) | |
| HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Age- adjusted** | 1.0 | 1.06(0.97,1.16) | 1.39c(1.27,1.52) | 1.64c(1.40,1.92) | <0.001 |
| Age-,gender-adjusted‡ | 1.0 | 0.99(0.90,1.08) | 1.15b(1.04,1.26) | 1.27b(1.08,1.49) | 0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted§ | 1.0 | 0.98(0.89,1.07) | 1.16b(1.05,1.28) | 1.27b(1.08,1.50) | <0.001 |
| Solar Elastosis | |||||
| Person-years | 99096 | 20470 | 16831 | 3405 | |
| Number of subject† | 5663 (1352) | 1312 (620) | 1217 (775) | 280 (222) | |
| HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Age- adjusted** | 1.0 | 1.12a(1.02,1.23) | 1.30c(1.18,1.42) | 1.53c(1.32,1.76) | <0.001 |
| Age-,gender-adjusted‡ | 1.0 | 1.06(0.97,1.17) | 1.11a(1.02,1.22) | 1.32c(1.14,1.53) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted§ | 1.0 | 1.06(0.96,1.17) | 1.15b(1.05,1.27) | 1.35c(1.16,1.58) | <0.001 |
| Actinic Keratoses | |||||
| Person-years | 119640 | 12948 | 6047 | 1168 | |
| Number of subject† | 7004 (2012) | 918 (564) | 449 (308) | 101 (85) | |
| HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Age- adjusted** | 1.0 | 1.23c(1.12,1.35) | 1.36c(1.21,1.54) | 1.71c(1.38,2.13) | <0.001 |
| Age-,gender-adjusted‡ | 1.0 | 1.11a(1.01,1.22) | 1.15a(1.02,1.31) | 1.38b(1.11,1.72) | <0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted§ | 1.0 | 1.08(0.97,1.19) | 1.13(1.00,1.29) | 1.46b(1.16,1.82) | 0.001 |
*NHEFS indicates the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study; HR, hazard ratio; and CI, confidence interval.
†
Number of subjects at risk for all-cause mortality (number of deaths).
**stratified by birth cohort and adjusted by age.
‡
Stratified by birth cohort and adjusted by age, gender.
§
Stratified by birth cohort and adjusted for age, gender, physical activity, level of education, regular alcohol consumption, current cigarette smoking, body mass index, occupation, eye colors, family income, vitamin supplement use, urban-rural residence, region of residence, season of the year when the examination was taken, baseline diseases, and menopause for women.
a P<0.05.
b P<0.01.
c P<0.001.