Fig. 3.

Percentage of seedlings (mean + SE) observed in seed addition microplots in each community. Black bars are the maximum percentage of all sown seeds emerging during the first growing season, gray bars show the percentage of all sown seeds surviving to the end of the first growing season, and white bars indicate the percentage of all sown seeds surviving to the second growing season. The species are ordered with respect to their occurrence along the environmental gradient: a Silene acaulis and b Dryas octopetala occurring mostly in the least productive, and i Festuca ovina and j Cerastium alpinum occurring at the most productive end of the gradient. Only 10 of the 14 species are shown; there was very little recruitment of the other four species