Figure 4.
Examples of anticipatory smooth eye movements, showing pursuit (lower traces) beginning before horizontal motion of the target (upper traces). Stimuli (shown on the right) were discs moving downward within a Y-shaped tube. The disc entered either the right or left arm of the Y. The horizontal path was indicated by the visual barrier that blocked the untraveled arm. From E. Kowler (1989). Cognitive expectations, not habits, determine anticipatory smooth oculomotor pursuit. Vision Research, 29, 1049–1057. (Figs. 1 and 2.)