Table 2.
Comparison of renal marker elevations in patients with MOM bearings and matched subjects with no known exposure to metals
| Renal marker | Assay used for analysis | Upper reference limit (URL) | Number of subjects with values greater than URL (%) | p (chi square test) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects with MOM devices | Controls with no metal exposure | ||||
| In urine | |||||
| Albumin | Competitive ELISA | 20 mg/g creatinine | 3/31 (9.7%) | 3/30 (10.0%) | 0.7 |
| Retinol binding protein | “Sandwich” ELISA | 130 μg/g creatinine | 1/31 (3.2%) | 2/30 (6.7%) | 1 |
| β2 microglobulin | “Sandwich” ELISA | 300 μg/g creatinine | 2/31 (6.5%) | 3/30 (10.0%) | 1 |
| Fibronectin | “Sandwich” ELISA | 250 μg/g creatinine | 4/31 (12.9%) | 2/30 (6.7%) | 0.8 |
| Brush Border antigen | “Sandwich” ELISA | 8.3 U/g creatinine | 1/31 (3.2%) | 2/30 (6.7%) | 1 |
| N-acetyl-β-D glucosaminidase | Colorimetric | 5.0 U/g creatinine | 1/31 (3.2%) | 0/30 (0%) | 0.97 |
| In serum | |||||
| Creatinine | Colorimetric | 1.5 mg/dL | 0/31 (0%) | 0/30 (0%) | 1 |
MOM = metal-on-metal; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.