Table 5.
Amplified apple gene families
| Gene family | Apple | Arab. | Poplar | Gene-copy number with Ks < 0.4 | Duplicates in young paralogs | Gene family amplification ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20S proteasome alpha/beta subunits | 29 | 23 | 21 | 18 | 11 | 1.61 |
| Chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins | 27 | 21 | 23 | 13 | 14 | 2.08 |
| β-amylases | 18 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 1.80 |
| Elongation factor-1 | 18 | 5 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 1.80 |
| Malate dehydrogenases | 14 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 1.75 |
| Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase | 13 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 1.86 |
| α-tubulins | 11 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 7 | 2.75 |
| S-adenosylmethionine synthetases | 10 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1.67 |
| Vacuolar sorting receptors | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2.67 |
| 26S proteasome regulatory subunit (RPN8) | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2.50 |
| Starch phosphorylases | 6 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2.00 |
| 40S ribosomal protein S5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6.00 |
| 40S ribosomal protein S4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2.00 |
| 60S ribosomal protein L12 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1.50 |
| ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase family | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1.67 |
| Aconitate hydratases | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2.50 |
| GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4.00 |
Comparative analysis of gene-copy number between apple, Arabidopsis, and poplar families. The table includes apple gene families with more members in apple than in Arabidopsis and poplar.