Table 2.
Summary of hemodynamic parameters.
| Parameter | Baseline | During TS | 10 min after TS | 20 min after TS | 30 min after TS | 40 min after TS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VD (mm) | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 4.4 (3.85, 4.6) | 4.6 (4.0, 4.8) | 4.47 (4.07, 4.77) | 4.45 (4.0, 4.73) | 4.55 (3.87, 4.7) | 4.45 (3.85, 4.76) |
| Mean (SEM) | 4.35 (0.11) | 4.56 (0.13)** | 4.47 (0.12) | 4.48 (0.11)* | 4.47 (0.13) | 4.40 (0.13) |
| 95% CI | 4.13–4.58 | 4.31–4.80 | 4.24–4.71 | 4.23–4.70 | 4.22–4.72 | 4.16–4.64 |
| PSV (cm/s) | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 76.8 (64.9, 95) | 77.8 (70, 87.8) | 82.1 (62, 93) | 74.375 (58.2, 82.2) | 74.7 (62.2, 87.6) | 73 (57.5, 78.1) |
| Mean (SEM) | 80.2 (4.0) | 80.0 (4.0) | 79.0 (4.3) | 74.4 (3.5) | 73.3 (3.5)* | 70.1 (3.5)** |
| 95% CI | 7.32–88.0 | 72.1–87.9 | 70.6–87.4 | 67.5–81.3 | 66.5–80.2 | 63.3–76.9 |
| EDV (cm/s) | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 16.7 (14.0, 21.2) | 16.9 (14.7, 20.8) | 16.6 (12.2, 20.7) | 14.8 (12.0, 20.2) | 14.2 (12.2, 17.1) | 11.3 (9.3, 14.2) |
| Mean (SEM) | 17.9 (1.3) | 17.3 (1.2) | 16.8 (1.2) | 15.6 (1.1) | 14.8 (1.1)** | 11.6 (0.9)** |
| 95% CI | 15.5–20.4 | 15.0–19.6 | 14.4–19.2 | 13.4–17.8 | 12.6–17.1 | 9.9–13.3 |
| RI | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 0.83 (0.75, 0.90) | 0.80 (0.75, 0.86) | 0.79 (0.76, 0.85) | 0.81 (0.78, 0.85) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.96) | 0.89 (0.95) |
| Mean (SEM) | 0.87 (0.04) | 0.85 (0.03) | 0.85 (0.04) | 0.87 (0.04) | 0.90 (0.04) | 0.92 (0.03)** |
| 95% CI | 0.79,–0.94 | 0.77–0.92 | 0.78–0.92 | 0.79–0.94 | 0.82–0.98 | 0.87–0.98 |
| PI | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 2.45 (1.98, 3.18) | 2.33 (1.97, 2.68) | 2.25 (1.96, 2.85) | 2.33 (2.05, 2.88) | 2.64 (2.20, 3.48) | 3.26 (2.77, 3.76) |
| Mean (SEM) | 4.22 (1.05) | 3.29 (0.71) | 3.32 (0.67) | 3.58 (0.83) | 3.65 (0.69) | 3.62 (0.50) |
| 95% CI | 2.17–6.27 | 1.90–4.68 | 1.99–4.63 | 1.96–5.21 | 2.29–5.01 | 2.66–4.58 |
| MV (ml/s) | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 28.4 (20.7, 34.3) | 29.0 (19.4, 34.6) | 28.8 (20.4, 33.0) | 25.9 (19.9, 32.2) | 24.5 (16.2, 28.7) | 22.0 (15.5, 25.4) |
| Mean (SEM) | 27.4 (2.4) | 27.3 (2.2) | 26.8 (2.3) | 25.1 (2.1) | 23.4 (1.9)** | 20.9 (1.6)** |
| 95% CI | 22.6–32.1 | 23.0–31.5 | 22.3–31.2 | 21.1–29.2 | 19.5–27.2 | 17.9–23.9 |
| BFV (ml/min) | ||||||
| Median (first, third quartile) | 248.2 (204.3, 326.3) | 262.8 (211.1, 365.8) | 271.3 (190.8, 329.2) | 242.7 (188.4, 314.0) | 218.4 (154.0, 273.4) | 178.2 (136.6, 247.1) |
| Mean (SEM) | 246.3 (25.2) | 268.2 (26.4) | 255.4 (25.2) | 240.4 (24.1) | 220.8 (22.2) | 195.3 (21.1)** |
| 95% CI | 200.6–292.0 | 220.3–316.1 | 209.8–301.1 | 196.8–284.0 | 180.5–261.1 | 158.1–232.5 |
Hemodynamic parameters measured by ultrasound are shown for the brachial artery. The values represent medians and quartile (first and third), means and SEM and 95% CI. TS, thermal stimulation; BFV, blood flow volume. *P < .05,**P < .01 versus baseline.