Table 3.
Effects of VIP and BB on Parent-Child Interaction at 6 Months: Mean (SD) StimQ and Reading Diary Scores
| Factor | VIP | BB | Control | F | P Valuea | VIP vs Control
|
BB vs Control
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Difference (95% CI) | ES | Mean Difference (95% CI) | ES | ||||||
| Literacy Level Less Than Ninth Grade | |||||||||
| StimQ total score | 16.4 (6.8) | 16.3 (6.7) | 14.5 (7.1) | .93 | .40 | 1.9 (−1.9 to 5.6) | 0.27 (−0.27 to 0.79) | 1.8 (−1.8 to 5.4) | 0.27 (−0.26 to 0.79) |
| ALM score | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.2)b | 1.9 (1.1)b | 3.53 | .03 | 0.6 (−0.01 to 1.2) | 0.49 (−0.05 to 1.03) | 0.6 (0.02 to 1.2) | 0.54 (0.02 to 1.05) |
| READ score | 7.1 (4.5) | 7.2 (4.1) | 6.1 (4.4) | .85 | .43 | 1.0 (−1.3 to 3.3) | 0.23 (−0.30 to 0.76) | 1.1 (−1.1 to 3.3) | 0.26 (−0.24 to 0.77) |
| PIDA score | 2.5 (1.6) | 2.7 (1.6) | 2.4 (1.4) | .43 | .65 | 0.1 (−0.8 to 0.9) | 0.03 (−0.51 to 0.57) | 0.3 (−0.5 to 1.1) | 0.19 (−0.33 to 0.70) |
| PVR score | 4.4 (2.5) | 4.1 (2.2) | 4.2 (2.4) | .13 | .88 | 0.2 (−1.1 to 1.5) | 0.08 (−0.46 to 0.62) | −0.1 (−1.3 to 1.2) | −0.03 (−0.54 to 0.49) |
|
| |||||||||
| Reading Diary | |||||||||
| Time spent reading, min/d | 13.8 (20.9) | 13.6 (16.0) | 11.9 (21.4) | .11 | .90 | 1.8 (−8.6 to 12.2) | 0.09 (−0.44 to 0.63) | 1.7 (−8.1 to 11.4) | 0.09 (−0.42 to 0.59) |
| Reading, instances/d | 0.8 (0.9) | 1.0 (1.0) | 0.7 (0.8) | 1.96 | .15 | 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.6) | 0.12 (−0.41 to 0.65) | 0.4 (−0.1 to 0.8) | 0.40 (−0.10 to 0.91) |
|
| |||||||||
| Literacy Level Ninth Grade or Higher | |||||||||
| StimQ total score | 21.5 (6.4)b | 19.6 (6.6)b | 17.1 (6.9)b | 10.1 | <.001 | 4.5 (2.2 to 6.9) | 0.68 (0.33 to 1.03) | 2.5 (0.2 to 4.8) | 0.38 (0.04 to 0.72) |
| ALM | 3.0 (1.1)b | 2.7 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.2)b | 5.1 | .007 | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.0) | 0.47 (0.12 to 0.82) | 0.3 (−0.1 to 0.6) | 0.21 (−0.12 to 0.56) |
| READ score | 8.5 (4.0)b | 8.6 (3.4)b | 7.0 (4.4)b | 4.7 | .01 | 1.5 (0.05 to 2.9) | 0.36 (0.01 to 0.72) | 1.6 (0.3 to 3.0) | 0.40 (0.07 to 0.74) |
| PIDA score | 3.7 (1.5)b | 2.8 (1.7)b | 2.6 (1.6)b | 12.8 | <.001 | 1.2 (0.6 to 1.7) | 0.72 (0.37 to 1.07) | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.8) | 0.14 (−0.20 to 0.48) |
| PVR score | 6.4 (2.4)b | 5.6 (2.5)b | 5.1 (2.2)b | 6.4 | .002 | 1.4 (0.5 to 2.2) | 0.55 (0.20 to 0.90) | 0.5 (−0.4 to 1.3) | 0.19 (−0.15 to 0.52) |
|
| |||||||||
| Reading Diary | |||||||||
| Time spent reading, min/d | 20.3 (27.5)b | 16.1 (22.7) | 10.4 (13.7)b | 4.7 | .009 | 10.0 (2.3 to 17.7) | 0.46 (0.10 to 0.81) | 5.8 (−1.7 to 13.2) | 0.26 (−0.08 to 0.60) |
| Reading, instances per day | 1.3 (1.5)b | 1.0 (1.1) | 0.6 (0.7)b | 7.7 | .001 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.0) | 0.58 (0.23 to 0.94) | 0.3 (−0.04 to 7.2) | 0.31 (−0.04 to 0.65) |
Abbreviations: ALM, Availability of Learning Materials; BB, Building Blocks; CI, confidence interval; ES, effect size; PIDA, Parental Involvement in Developmental Advancement; PVR, Parental Verbal Responsivity; READ, Reading Activities; VIP, Video Interaction Project.
a
Omnibus P value based on F test for analysis of variance.
b
Letter denotes groups differing at P<.05 on post hoc testing by Tukey honestly significantly different test.