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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Child Dev. 2010 Nov;19(6):577–593. doi: 10.1002/icd.711

Table 4.

Fourteen-month language score, in relation to media exposure and verbal media interaction considered in simultaneous models

Predictor Variable Outcome variable Model 1a Model 2 Model 3

β (S.E.) R2 β (S.E.) R2 β (S.E.) R2
Total language Media exposure ≥60 min −0.17 (0.06)** 0.05 −0.18 (0.06)** 0.15 −0.13 (0.06)* 0.21
Media verbal interactions 0.14 (0.06)* 0.14 (0.06)* 0.07 (0.06)
Cognitive Stimulation N/A N/A 0.27 (0.07)***
Receptive language Media exposure ≥60 min −0.20 (0.06)*** 0.05 −0.20 (0.06)*** 0.14 −0.16 (0.06)** 0.17
Media verbal interactions 0.07 (0.06) 0.08 (0.06) 0.03 (0.06)
Cognitive Stimulation N/A N/A 0.20 (0.07)**
Expressive Language Media exposure ≥60 min −0.09 (0.06) 0.04 −0.10 (0.06)t 0.11 −0.05 (0.06) 0.16
Media verbal interactions 0.16 (0.06)** 0.16 (0.06)* 0.10 (0.06)
Cognitive Stimulation N/A N/A 0.26 (0.07)***
*

p<0.05;

**

p<0.01;

***

p<0.001;

t

p<0.10.

a

See statistical analysis section for Model definitions.