Table 1.

Study Characteristics of the manuscripts reviewed for responsiveness

Author, year (Ref.)	Study Type	Sample Size	Follow-up Months	Radiographic Approach	Method of Measurement	Delta (SD)
Ayral et al. 19968	Cohort	41	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.40 (1.00)
Ravaud et al. 19969	Cohort	55	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.42 (1.11)
Listrat et al. 199710	RCT	17	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.70 (1.20)
Pavelka et al. 20004	RCT	139	60	Extension with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.42 (0.94)
Mazzuca et al. 20016	Cohort	402	31.60	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.37 (1.25)
Reginster et al. 20017	RCT	106	36	Extension with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.40 (0.92)
Gandy et al. 200211	Cohort	11	37	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.21 (0.37)
Miyazaki et al. 200212	Cohort	74	72	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Manual	1.40 (1.20)
Boegard et al. 200313	Cohort	50	25	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.06 (0.45)
Mazzuca et al. 200314	Cohort	52	14	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.09 (0.31)
		52	14	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Manual	−0.09 (0.66)
Pessis et al. 200315	Cohort	20	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.00 (0.60)
		20	12	Extension with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.10 (0.90)
Sugiyama et al. 200316	Cohort	110	48	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.53 (0.43)
Vignon et al. 200317	Cohort	58	24	Extension with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.17 (0.75)
		58	24	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.24 (0.50)
Pavelka et al. 200418	RCT	89	24	Extension with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.40 (0.79)
Pham et al. 200419	RCT	79	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.21 (0.59)
		69	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.12 (0.32)
Pham et al. 200420	RCT	277	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.09 (0.55)
Uebelhart et al. 200421	RCT	76	12	Extension without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.32 (1.11)
Brandt et al. 200522	RCT	180	30	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.45 (0.70)
Conrozier et al. 200523	Cohort	96	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.19 (0.48)
Michel et al. 200524	RCT	150	24	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.07 (0.56)
Spector et al. 200525	RCT	98	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.12 (0.42)
Bingham et al. 200626	RCT	269	24	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.13 (1.08)
		280	24	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.09 (1.31)
Cline et al. 200627	RCT	112	9.84	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.00 (0.53)
		85	11.76	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.12 (0.42)
		99	8.16	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	−0.07 (0.63)
Mikesky et al. 200628	RCT	60	30	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Manual	0.54 (0.70)
Botha-Scheepers et al. 200729	Cohort	122	24	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.21 (0.52)
Krzeski et al. 200730	RCT	71	12	Extension with fluoroscopy	N/A	0.14 (0.53)
Nevitt et al. 200731	Cohort	53	37	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.43 (0.66)
Sharif et al. 200732	Cohort	115	60	Extension without fluoroscopy	Manual	0.18 (0.93)
Le Graverand et al. 200833	Cohort	62	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.22 (0.41)
		62	12	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	−0.01 (0.46)
Mazzuca et al. 200834	Cohort	27	12	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.25 (0.54)
		27	12	Flexion without fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.02 (0.40)
		47	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.16 (0.37)
		47	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	−0.01 (0.51)
Gensburger et al. 200935	Cohort	81	48	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.32 (0.76)
Kahan et al. 200936	RCT	313	12	Flexion with fluoroscopy	Computerized	0.31 (0.71)

RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial

Delta: Change in minimum joint space width from baseline to follow-up (measured in millimeters)

SD: Standard deviation of delta