Table 1.

Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire scores (median and inter quartile range)

	All			<5 years			5-7 years			>7 years
CSHQ score	ALL (n = 17)	Norm* (n = 1507)	p	ALL (n = 6)	Norm* (n = 174)	p	ALL (n = 6)	Norm* (n = 315)	p	ALL (n = 5)	Norm* (n = 1018)	p
Total score	41.00 (11.50)	39.00 (6.02)	.076	45.00 (14.00)	40.00 (8.00)	.034	40.00 (13.00)	39.00 (6.00)	.786	41.00 (14.00)	39.00 (7.00)	.780
Subscale item
Bedtime resistance	6.38 (5.00)	6.00 (1.00)	.020	8.69 (6.00)	6.00 (1.00)	.068	8.50 (5.75)	6.00 (1.00)	.025	6.0 (0.50)	6.00 (1.00)	.526
Sleep onset delay	1.00 (0.00)	1.00 (0.00)	.024	1.00 (0.00)	1.00 (0.00)	.354	1.00 (0.00)	1.00 (0.00)	.274	1.00 (0.00)	1.00 (1.00)	.174
Sleep duration	3.00 (0.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.343	3.00 (0.25)	3.00 (1.00)	.499	3.00 (1.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.736	3.00 (2.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.739
Sleep anxiety	5.00 (3.75)	4.00 (1.00)	.016	8.00 (2.50)	5.00 (2.00)	.003	5.00 (2.50)	4.23 (2.00)	.484	4.00 (1.50)	4.00 (1.00)	.965
Night wakening	4.00 (2.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.024	5.00 (4.25)	3.18 (2.00)	.047	3.00 (2.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.776	4.00 (2.50)	3.00 (1.00)	.198
Parasomnias	9.00 (3.00)	8.00 (2.21)	.500	10.14 (1.86)	9.00 (3.00)	.037	8.00 (2.25)	8.00 (3.00)	.498	7.00 (1.50)	8.00 (2.00)	.224
Sleep disordered breathing	3.00 (0.00)	3.00 (0.00)	.275	3.00 (1.00)	3.00 (1.00)	.983	3.00 (0.00)	3.00 (0.04)	.161	3.00 (0.00)	3.00 (0.00)	.270
Daytime sleepiness	11.00 (5.00)	11.00 (4.00)	.223	11.50 (5.00)	10.11 (3.00)	.211	10.50 (5.75)	10.65 (3.00)	.775	13.0 (7.00)	11.00 (4.00)	.156

Scores are represented for all ALL children, the Dutch reference population and per age group. Higher scores indicate more sleep problems. Scores were calculated if <50% of responses were missing. N = number of children included. * Reference population consisting of healthy school-aged Dutch children [3].